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The Gospel According to John

The Gospel According to John. Grade 8. A Biographical Sketch. How does John describe himself? John21:20,24 John 1:14;19:35 John 13:23; 19:26; 20:2. “ t he disciple whom Jesus loved” Claims to be an eyewitness to the life and ministry of Christ. Never reveals his name.

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The Gospel According to John

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  1. The Gospel According to John Grade 8

  2. A Biographical Sketch

  3. How does John describe himself? • John21:20,24 • John 1:14;19:35 • John 13:23; 19:26; 20:2

  4. “ the disciple whom Jesus loved” • Claims to be an eyewitness to the life and ministry of Christ. • Never reveals his name

  5. What else does the Gospels tell us about John? • Matthew 4:21 • John13:23 and Mark 14:17-25 • John 21:4-7 • Mark 3:16-17 • Mark 5:37, 9:2; 14:33

  6. John was one of the sons of Zebedee • He was an Israelite who knew biblical feast and institutions. • He was familiar/accurate with Palestinian geography. • Was present at the Last Supper • Was part of the inner circle with Jesus, Peter, and James

  7. He was among Peter and James at pivotal moments in Jesus’ ministry. • Gives attention to detail that supports he was an eyewitness . The stone jars at the Feast at Cana were “filled to the brim.” At the Sermon on the Mount, the multiplies loaves were “barley”. Also the perfume used to anoint Jesus “filled” the house where the event took place

  8. John’s Gospel was written between AD 100-120 • The original Gospel must have been written at the earliest AD 100 as time was needed for the writing to gain popularity and circulate from Asia Minor all the way to Africa

  9. John’s audience

  10. John’s Gospel was written for Jews and Jewish Christians living throughout the Mediterranean world.

  11. John’s positive depiction of the Samaritans, who were descendants of the Israelites, suggests they too were part of John’s target audience.

  12. John’s purpose Themes in John’s Gospel

  13. John’s Gospel has an evangelistic purpose. “These are written that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that believing you may have life in his name.” John 20:31

  14. Themes: • Revelation of God as a Divine family. The Blessed Trinity • Incarnation • Human family– we are invited into the family of God. We are not left as orphans. John 14:18

  15. Chapter 1 The Prologue

  16. John1: 1-13 Christ, the Eternal Word How does John refer to the beginning of Genesis? Since Genesis states hat God created the universe through a Word, what is John inferring about it? What is the significance of John’s saying that the Word “was God”?

  17. WORD • associated with the order and design of the universe • Mind of God as he sustains and governs • Is the powerful utterance of God • Brought forth all things into being at the dawn of time • Wisdom of God

  18. Chapter 1: 14 • What is the connection between the Incarnation of God the Son and the recreation recounted in the Old Testament, of the Tabernacle in the wildness? • What does the expression “grace and truth” mean? • How is that meaning linked to the idea of glory?

  19. Chapter 1: 19-28 John the Baptist • How does John account of John the Baptist’s testimony further tell the reader who is Jesus?

  20. Chapter 1: 29-34 Lamb of God– Lamb of the Passover. Divine protection for Israel and whose flesh was eatern in a liturgical meal. Prophesied by Isaiah ( IS 53:7-12 CCC608)- portrayed the suffering Messiah as an innocent lamb slain for the sins of others.

  21. Chapter 1: 29-34 The Dove descended as a dove…. Prefigures the effects of the sacrament of Baptism. Remain—Greek expression translation dwell or abide; bond between Father and Son; indwelling of the Trinity in the believer.

  22. Journal Reflection Choose one of the following questions, reflect upon it and then write your response. 1- How has your curiosity about Jesus influenced your faith in him? In what circumstances have you heard Jesus’ invitation to “come and see” where he lives? 2- What does it mean to behold the “lamb of God”? What are you suppose to see when you look at him? What kind of lamb takes away sin? 3- How is the Son of God making the Father known to you. How has your relationship with the Father changed as you have come to know the Son?

  23. The First Disciples of Jesus Chapter 1 : 35-51 Describe the encounter between Jesus and Andrew, Simon and Nathanael ( Bartholomew)? What is the importance of Jesus changing Simon’s name to Peter? What is the meaning of the statement, “ Can anything good come out of Nazareth?”

  24. The First Disciples of Jesus Chapter 1 : 35-51 4. What is the importance of Nathanael sitting under a fig tree when Jesus calls to him?

  25. Chapter 2

  26. Location of wedding Nicodemus meets with Jesus Jesus goes with his disciples baptized them.

  27. Chapter 2: 1-12 • The Marriage at Cana • The 3rd day refers to the 3rd day since Jesus’ encounter with Nathanael. • The 3rd day is really the 7th day of Jesus’ opening week of his ministry. • Implies that the creation fashioned in seven days is being transformed and renewed through Jesus.

  28. Chapter 2: 1-12 • The Marriage at Cana • Jewish weddings were often celebrated for an entire week. • Mary, the mother of Jesus, is never mentioned by name in John’s Gospel. • Mary’s concern about the lack of wine gives the reader pause to consider that Mary must be a relative of the couple.

  29. Chapter 2: 1-12 • The Marriage at Cana • Jewish weddings were often celebrated for an entire week. • Mary, the mother of Jesus, is never mentioned by name in John’s Gospel. • Mary’s concern about the lack of wine gives the reader pause to consider that Mary must be a relative of the couple.

  30. Chapter 2: 1-12 • The Marriage at Cana • When Jesus responds to Mary’s request with “ O woman, what do you have to do with me?” he is not being disrespectful to his mother. Rather, the Jewish expression means that the person will comply with the request. • “My hour has not yet come.” Points beyond the Passion of Jesus but rather to the Eucharistic liturgy, where Jesus is present in the visible sign of the wine.

  31. Chapter 2: 1-12 • The Marriage at Cana • Stone jars hold over 120 gallons ( combined) • Purpose of these jars is to cleanse • Numbers 19:11-16- any Israelite defiled by contact with the dead must be purified with water on the 3rd day and then again on the 7th day. • Cana miracle takes place on the 3rd day, which according to John is also the 7th day.

  32. Chapter 2: 1-12 • The Marriage at Cana • The first sign (miracle) performed by Jesus recalls the first sign performed by Moses (1st plague-water into blood) • Wine is called the “blood” of the grape in Hebrew poetry.

  33. Chapter 2: 1-12 • The Marriage at Cana • An abundance of wine is a sign of the messianic age. • It signifies the joy of martial love. • Transformation of water into wine anticipates the transubstantiation of wine into blood when Jesus gives himself to the world in the Eucharist.

  34. Chapter 2: 1-12 • The Marriage at Cana • Jesus, Mary, his brethren, and the disciples go down to Capernaum to celebrate the Passover. • Capernaum- a village on the northern shore of the Sea of Galilee and the headquarters of Jesus’ Galilean ministry. • His brothers- not full brothers but his close relatives.

  35. Chapter 2: 13-25 • The Cleansing of the Temple • Passover- celebrated every spring to commemorate Israel’s freedom from slavery in Egypt. • Mention 3 times in John’s Gospel.

  36. Chapter 2: 13-25 The Cleansing of the Temple Cleansing of the Temple is mentioned in all 4 Gospels. In John’s Gospel it comes at the beginning of Jesus’ ministry. John does this to highlight the importance of truth. New Covenant brought by Jesus.

  37. Chapter 2: 13-25 • The Cleansing of the Temple • The temple is open to Gentile pilgrims. • Merchants are robbing the people by their high prices and the Jews from being able to worship and pray. • Begin to see the termination of animal sacrifices in the • Temple.

  38. Chapter 2: 13-25 • The Cleansing of the Temple • John is using this event to show the relationship between the temple and men’s souls.

  39. Journal Reflection # 2 Choose one of the following questions, reflect upon it and then write your response. 1- How unconditionally do you do whatever Jesus tells you to do? Do you ever try to place limits on what he can tell you to do? 2-What is the basis of your relationship with Jesus? How strong do you think it is? How reliable do you think he might find you?

  40. Chapter 3

  41. Nicodemus is a member of the Jewish court, the Sanhedrin. • He comes to Jesus at night, under the cover of darkness. He fears prosecution from the unbelieving leaders of Israel. • Symbolically he is walking in spiritual darkness and lacks the enlightenment of true faith.

  42. Anew: The Greek expression can mean either “again” or “from above”. • Nicodemus takes it to mean “again”, as though Jesus required a physical rebirth to enter the kingdom of heaven.

  43. “born of water and the Spirit” • Refers to the Sacrament of Baptism. • In John’s gospel there is a close link between water and Spirit. This is most explicit in 1:33, where the Spirit descends upon Jesus at the very moment he is baptized in the waters of Jordan.

  44. “born of water and the Spirit” • In the Old Testament passages describe Baptism as a sacrament of salvation from the messianic age. • Is 32:15, Ezek 39:29, Joel 2: 28-29 • Water is being poured upon the Israelites to wash away • their iniquities and renew their hearts. • These prophetic hopes should have prepared Nicodemus to understand the thrust of Jesus’s teachings. ( Jn 3:10)

  45. The Council of Trent declared in 1547 that Jn 3:5 refers to Baptism. It was said that “water” is no mere metaphor, but a visible sign of the Spirit’s invisible work in the sacrament.

  46. The serpent • Reference to the Paschal Mystery, when Jesus is lifted up on the Cross, from grave, and into heaven.

  47. Gave his only-begotten Son: • The earthly mission of Jesus is part of the heavenly plan of the Father, who displays the depth of his love through the sacrifice of his Son.

  48. Eternal life • The expression refers both to the divine quality of new life in as well as its duration.

  49. The Bridegroom • John the Baptist was the ‘best man” of the groom. • Under Jewish culture, John would have arranged and managed the wedding celebration. • John is happy to now fade into the background. • Connection with John’s role is preparing the way for Jesus.

  50. Believes……does not obey • Faith is exercised when we trust in God and entrust ourselves to God. • It involves the assent of the mind and the consent of the will. • It can never be a fully intellectual decision that exist dependently of one’s behavior.

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