Schools + School Nurses = Safe and Healthy Students

1. Schools + School Nurses = Safe and Healthy Students Add Presenter’s name and credentials here

2. School Day • A classroom teacher sees Tyler wheezing and suddenly struggling to breathe - Is Tyler experiencing an episode of asthma? With proper assessment, medication and treatment (inhaler and/or nebulizer) the student may return to class and continue with his academic program. Is Tyler experiencing a life-threatening allergic reaction? With proper emergency care, Tyler can be safely on his way to the hospital. Without it, he could die within minutes.

3. School Nurse A School Nurse has the nursing assessment skills to manage this potentially emergent situation as well as provide daily care for: • Chronic conditions (diabetes, asthma, seizures) • Medically complex conditions (requiring tube feedings, tracheostomy care, catheterization) • Mental Health support • Emergency care • Injury and illness care and prevention

4. Chronic Conditions • Diabetes • New cases have almost doubled in the past 10 years • Requires monitoring, injectable medication administration, potential for emergency care • Food allergies • Increased 18% in children under 18 • Requires preventative measures, emergency care planning • Asthma • Affects over 10 million children in the U.S. • Requires monitoring, medication

5. Chronic Conditions • Epilepsy • 45,000 children under the age of 15 develop it each year • Requires medication (often given rectally) within minutes of onset, emergency care planning • Obesity • Incidence of obesity has tripled among 6 – 11 year olds and more than tripled among 12 – 19 year olds • 33% of students are overweight or obese affecting their physical and mental health • Medically complex concerns • Require ventilator care, tube feedings, medication and other complex medical cares

6. Health Conditions per 100 U.S. StudentsOur students need a school nurse!

7. Statistics Overall, from 15% to 18% of children and adolescents have some sort of chronic health condition, nearly half of whom could be considered disabled That’s 18 out of every 100 students in every school!

8. Mental Health Support • One in five children and adolescents have a diagnosable mental health disorder in the course of a year • Academic achievement can be improved through: • Early detection • Timely referral • Access to appropriate services School Nurses spend 32% of their time providing mental health services

9. Emergency Care • School Nurses develop Emergency Care Plans to guide the response to life-threatening health issues: • A student with an allergy (bees, food or latex) who needs injectable epinephrine immediately • Students with seizures need their medication within minutes – often given rectally • Students with diabetes may need injectable glucagon to treat a life-threatening low blood sugar episode • A student with asthma who is struggling to breathe may need a nebulizer treatment

10. Prevention and Care • Immunization rates are higher in schools with school nurses • Unlicensed personnel in schools make more medication errors than nurses • School nurses can identify environmental hazards at school based on injury patterns A School Nurse first identified H1N1 Flu based on the increase in illness in her school!

11. Attendance • School nurses reduce absenteeism • A higher nurse to student ratio is related to better attendance rates • Less likely to dismiss students early than unlicensed personnel • More time in the classroom provides more time for learning • Increases a student’s chances for success!

12. Positive Outcomes • When students are kept in school, parents are able to be productive at work and at home • Appropriate use of health care saves time and money for everyone Fewer 911 callsAppropriate referral

13. Every teacher deserves a School Nurse, so they can teach.

14. Every parent deserves a School Nurse, so they can feel confident that their child is safe at school.

15. Every student deserves a School Nurse so they can be healthy, safe and successful at school.

16. References Chronic Health Conditions • Perrin, J.M., Bloom, S.R., Gortmaker, S. L., (2007). The Increase of Childhood Chronic Conditions in the United States. Journal of the American Medical Association, 297 (24) 2755-2759. doi: 10.1001/jama.297.24.2755. • Branum. A.M. & Lukacs S.L. (2008). NCHS Data Brief, Food Allergy Among U.S. Children: Trends in Prevalence and Hospitalizations, 10, http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db10.htm • Ogden, C.L., Carroll, M.D., Curtin, L.R., Lamb, M.M., & Flegal, K.M. (2010). Prevalence of high body mass index in U.S. children and adolescents, 2007-2008. JAMA 303, 242- 249.

17. References Medications • Farris, KB, McCarthy, AM, Kelly, MW, Clay, DL, & Gross, JL. (2003). Issues of medication administration and control in Iowa schools. Journal of School Health, 73(9), 331-337 • McCarthy, AM, Kelly, MW, & Reed, D. (2000). Medication administration practices of school nurses. Journal of School Health, 70(9), 371-376

18. References Attendance: • Maughan, E. (2003). The impact of school nursing on school performance: A research synthesis. Journal of School Nursing, 19(3), 163-171. • Pennington, N & Delaney, E (2008). The number of students sent home by school nurses compared to unlicensed personnel. Journal of School Nursing, 24: 290 - 297. • Wyman, L. (2005). Comparing the number of ill or injured students who are released early from school by school nursing and nonnursing personnel. Journal of School Nursing, 21(6), 350-355.