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Theories of Obedience to Unjust Authority

Theories of Obedience to Unjust Authority. Nazis were an aberration in history Shirer: Flaw in German character Arendt: Flaw in human character Milgram: A social psychologist looks at obedience. Milgram’s Baseline Procedure. Milgram’s Baseline Procedure. 63% shock to the limit (STL).

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Theories of Obedience to Unjust Authority

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  1. Theories of Obedience to Unjust Authority • Nazis were an aberration in history • Shirer: Flaw in German character • Arendt: Flaw in human character • Milgram: A social psychologist looks at obedience

  2. Milgram’s Baseline Procedure

  3. Milgram’s Baseline Procedure • 63% shock to the limit (STL)

  4. Ethical Criticisms of Milgram’s Work • No true informed consent • Participants experienced significant stress • Long-term negative effects on self-worth

  5. Milgram’s Response To Ethical Criticism • Extensive debriefing • After session discovered learner was not harmed • Participants were free to leave • No evidence of permanent psychological harm

  6. Follow-up of Milgram’s Participants • 80% reported that they were “Very Glad” or “Glad” they participated. • 15% had “No Strong Feelings” • Just over 1% were “Sorry” or “Very Sorry” • 80%said more research of this kind should be done. • 74% said they learned something of lasting value.

  7. A Question Mark: The Cost of Ethics? ?

  8. How To Get Good Men and Women To Murder Their Neighbors • Get them to say: • I hate or • I would never

  9. Psychology of Learning: From Protozoa to Beyond Virtual Reality

  10. Habituation in Spirostomum ambiguum • Habituation: A response decrement to repetitive stimulation • Spirostomum is a ciliated protozoa

  11. Habituation in Spirostomum ambiguum • Place individuals on a slide • Tap slide with a mechanical stimulus each 4 seconds • Animal shows a response decrement (habituation) after 12 to 15 stimuli • Other studies show that Spirostomum can remember for a least 10 minutes

  12. E. B. Twitmyer • A Beauty Never to See Flower • A discoverer of the conditioned reflex

  13. Ivan Pavlov • A Russian physiologist • Discovered the conditioned reflex by chance

  14. Pavlov’s Basic Procedure • Present the CS without the US-The UR is observed • Pair the CS with the US for a number of trials • The CR is observed just prior to the US onset

  15. Mower’s Bell and Pad Pavlovian procedure used to treat enuresis

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