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Sections 5.1 and 5.2 Energy and Chemical Reactions

Explore different types of energy units, principles of thermodynamics, enthalpy, endothermic and exothermic systems, and energy conversion. Learn about energy control in chemical reactions and the concepts of systems and surroundings. Understand the principles of thermodynamics with examples of energy level diagrams.

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Sections 5.1 and 5.2 Energy and Chemical Reactions

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  1. Sections 5.1 and 5.2 Energy and Chemical Reactions Principles of Thermodynamics

  2. In these sections: • types of energy • energy units • principles of thermodynamics • enthalpy • endothermic/exothermic systems

  3. Control of Chemical Reactions

  4. Energy Conversion Examples: 1. dropping a rock 2. using a flashlight 3. driving a car

  5. Principles of Thermodynamics: Systems and Surroundings

  6. Principles of Thermodynamics: • Isolated system: • neither matter nor energy can be passed to or from the surroundings • Closed system: • energy but not matter can be passed to or from the surroundings

  7. Principles of Thermodynamics: ΔEsystem = q + w First law of thermodynamics: Euniverse = 0

  8. Principles of Thermodynamics:

  9. Principles of Thermodynamics: Enthalpy = internal energy + pressure x volume H = E + PV ΔH = heat exchanged under constant pressure

  10. Principles of Thermodynamics: • Endothermic process: • heat is transferred from the surroundings to the system • Exothermic process: • heat is transferred from the system to the surroundings

  11. Principles of Thermodynamics: ΔH and bond energies

  12. Energy Level Diagrams (Enthalpy Diagrams):

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