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Learn the foundational principles of essay writing, including argumentation, structure, and themes. Explore topics like media regulation, international aid, and women's roles in Medieval England through clear and well-organized essays. Understand the importance of distinct points, central ideas, and continuity in crafting effective arguments.
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First Principles • A good essay is usually an argument • Takes a stance • Should the broadcast media be completely de-regulated? • International aid is completely undermined by international trade agreements. Discuss. • Women’s roles in Medieval England were subservient and focussed only on the home. Discuss.
Elements of a well structured essay • Clear • Good use of paragraphs – key sentence • Good use of evidence & references
Continuity • Links between paragraphs • Oppositions, chronological, thematic • “However, this does not take into consideration…” • “More recent analysis suggests…” • “Other writers looking at the role of take the view that…” • “In addition…” • “There are limitations to this model…” • “I will now demonstrate another perspective..”
Distinct point Distinct point Distinct point Central Idea Distinct point Distinct point Distinct point Structure
Structure • Thematic • For/ Against • Two sides of the coin • General to specific • Specific to general • Problem, Cause, Solution • Advocacy
Thematic Structure 1 Introduction 2 First theme 4 Second theme 6 Third theme 3 First theme 5 Second theme 7 Third theme 8 Conclusion
Introduction 1 Support Argument 4 Counter Argument 2 Support Argument 5 Counter Argument 3 Support Argument 6 Counter Argument Conclusion
Introduction 1 Support Argument 2 Counter Argument 3 Support Argument 4 Counter Argument 5 Support Argument 6 Counter Argument Conclusion
General to Specific Introduction Examine the theory Examine the theory Introduce specific case study/ situation Examine how theory applies Examine how theory applies Examine how theory applies Conclusion
Problem, Cause & Solution 1 Introduction 2 Identify problem 3 Look at causes 4 Look at causes 5 Look at causes 6 Solutions 7 Solutions 8 Solutions Conclusion
Should we go to war with Iraq? • Arguments for • Humanitarian reasons • Torture & murder of political opponents • Abuse of sanctions • Use of poison gas against own citizens • Global Security • Iraq sponsors Hamas suicide bombers • Invaded Iran & Kuwait • Possesses weapons of mass destruction • Bring democracy to region • Kurdistan - female judges, more schools,
Should we go to war with Iraq? • Arguments against • Motives? • For oil • Create further instability • Evidence of western imperialism • Create anti-western sentiment amongst religious extremists • Moral right • Can we ever have the right to invade another sovereign country? • Why not invade other inhumane regimes?
For Against Structure Introduction Humanitarian Reasons Civilian Casualties Global Security Increased Terrorism? Restore Democracy Moral Right to invade? Conclusion
Introduction Humanitarian Reasons Civilian Casualties Global Security Increased Terrorism? Restore Democracy Moral Right to invade? Conclusion
Themed Essay 1 Introduction Moral Case For War Global Security World Community 6 Should we intervene in other non-democracies? 4 US right to Defend itself 2 Humanitarian 3 Imposed Democracy 5 Will it cause further instability? 7 What cost? 8 Conclusion
Advocacy Introduction Anxiety re: Civilian casualties, increased terror & morality However, rogue state Hiding WMD Links to terror Invasion of neighbours Humanitarian Conclusion
Conclusion • Essay = Argument • Structure ought to be way of organising argument • Each paragraph must be • Self-contained • Clear • Be linked together
