Interaction

1. Interaction Chapitre 1 – Structures I

2. Some basics…. • French verbs change to reflect their subject. • Regular verbs change according to a pattern that makes them easily manageable. • -Er verbs are the most common verbs in the French language.

3. Making the verb agree… When making the verb agree with the subject, decide whether the subject is singular or plural and which “person” it is. First person – “I” or “we” Second person – “you” and “you” plural – “y’all” in the south!Third person – “he”, “she”, “it” or “they”

4. In French… Singular Plural • je nous • tuvous* • il/elleils/elles * “Vous” is also used to be polite whether talking to one person or more

5. -ER verbs - the pattern.. • Take the infinitive: jouer • Take off the “-er” ending jou • Add endings according to the following pattern: je -e nous -ons tu -esvous -ez il/elle -e ils/elles -ent

6. For the verb “jouer” – je joue nous jouons tujouesvousjouez il/ellejoueils/ellesjouent In English – I play we play you play you play he/she plays they play

7. All regular –er verbs follow this pattern in the present tense. You can conjugate a verb even if you do not know its meaning! • The French have recently started using the verb “googler.”

8. Apply the pattern… googler – to google je _________ nous ___________ tu __________ vous ___________ il/elle ________ ils/elles __________

9. Note: In French, “je google” covers all of the following in English: • I google • I am googling • I do google

10. To make the negative… In French, you put ne….. pas around the verb to negate: Je mange. = I eat Je ne mange pas. = I don’t eat/am not eating

11. “On” • The pronoun “on” is used a lot in French, especially informal spoken French. It means “one” as in “you”, “people”, “we”. • Verbs used with “on” have the same ending as verbs used with “il/elle” - ilparle/ on parle

12. Some –er verbs with quirks… • When conjugating some –er verbs, the stem changes slightly for pronunciation reasons. • These verbs are called “stem-changing” verbs.

13. é to è • préférer – to prefer * The first é is NOT affected!! • The “nous” and “vous” forms are not affected – giving the “boot” shape. • je préfèrenous préférons • tupréfèresvouspréférez • ilpréfèreilspréfèrent

14. l to ll • appeler – to call j’appelle nous appelons tuappellesvousappelez ilappelleilsappellent

15. e to è acheter – to buy j’achète nous achetons tuachètesvousachetez ilachèteilsachètent

16. y to i payer – to pay je paie nous payons tupaiesvouspayez ilpaieilspaient

17. t - tt jeter – to throw je jette nous jetons tujettesvousjetez iljetteilsjettent

18. Other changes • Some verbs change their stem but there is no “boot” shape. Only the “nous” form is affected” • g to ge - manger nous mangeons • c to ç - commencer nous commençons

19. À vous… • Je ________ la balleàmon frère. (jeter) • Nous ___________ de la glace. (manger) • Jean-Paul _________ du pain. (acheter) • Moi et ma mère __________. (payer) • Vous ________ le vinblanc. (préférer) • Marie et Philippe m’_________. (appeler)

20. The imperative • To make the imperative (command form) of –er verbs, just use the verb with no subject: Vousjouez - Jouez! Play! Nous jouons - Jouons! Let’s play! BUT in –er verbs you must leave off the “s” for the “tu” form – Tujoues - Joue! Play!

21. Negative To give a negative command (Don’t do it!), put ne… pas around the verb: Mange tasoupe! Ne mange pas de gâteau!

22. Some irregular verbs… • Some verbs – mostly very common verbs – do not follow a strict pattern and must be learned. • To learn a verb: look at it, say it, copy it, try to reproduce it without looking. Review regularly! • Learning present tense forms is an important base for future work because many tenses ( the imperfect, for example) are formed using the present tense as a base.

23. The four basic verbs… • The first four irregular verbs studied are the basics to communication – être – to be avoir – to have aller – to go faire – to do, to make “Êtreoune pas être: telleestla question.” William Shakespeare

24. Être – to be je suis(I am) nous sommes(we are) tues(you are) vousêtes(you are) ilest(he is) ilssont(they are) elleest(she is) ellessont(they are) on est Imperative: sois, soyons, soyez

25. Avoir – to have j’ai (I have) nous avons(we have) tu as (you have) vousavez(you have) il a (he has) ilsont(they have) elle a (she has) ellesont(they have) on a Imperative: aie, ayons, ayez

26. Aller – to go je vais( I go) nous allons(we go) tu vas (you go) vousallez(you go) ilva(he goes) ilsvont(they go) elleva(she goes) ellesvont(they go) on va Imperative: va, allons, allez Note: Vas-y! (Has “s” for pronunciation)

27. Faire – to do, to make je fais(I do) nous faisons(we do) tufais(you do) vousfaites(you do) il fait (he/it does) ils font (they do) elle fait (she/it does) elles font (they do) on fait Imperative: fais, faisons, faites

28. Aller and faire with Infinitives Aller + infinitif To be going to + infinitive Subject Aller Infinitive Predicate Je vaisacheter du lait. I am going to buy some milk. Nous allonsvoir un film. We are going to see a film

29. Faire + Infinitive To have/get something done… Subject Faire Infinitive Predicate Je faispréparer le repas. (I am having the meal prepared.)