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Pneumonia

Pneumonia. Definition An inflammation of lung parenchyma caused by various microorganisms, including bacteria, mycobacteria , fungi and viruses. Classifications. Community acquired pneumonia Hospital acquired pneumonia Pneumonia in the immunocompromised host Aspiration pneumonia.

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Pneumonia

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  1. Pneumonia • Definition An inflammation of lung parenchyma caused by various microorganisms, including bacteria, mycobacteria, fungi and viruses

  2. Classifications • Community acquired pneumonia • Hospital acquired pneumonia • Pneumonia in the immunocompromised host • Aspiration pneumonia

  3. Pathophysiology • Low immunity • Affect both ventilation and perfusion

  4. Risk factors • CHF • DM • Alcoholism • COPD • AIDS

  5. Clinical Manifestations • Rapid rising fever (40.5 C) • Chills • Pleuritic chest pain (become bad with deep breathing and coughing) • Tachypnea • Signs of respiratory distress (SOB, use of accessory muscles) • Pulse is rapid and bounding (10 more each 1C of temp.) • Orthopnea

  6. Diagnostic Evaluation • Chest X-ray. • Blood culture • Sputum examination

  7. Prevention • Pneumococcal vaccine • People at risk

  8. Management • Pharmacologic therapy

  9. Nursing Care Plan • ASSESSMENT • DIAGNOSIS • PLANNING • INTERVENTION • EVALUATION

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