DOMI CE

1. This file introduces you to eveloping ffender DOMI CE anagement A Transnational Project Funded by the European Union n orrections in urope

2. DOMICE PROJECT A Transnational Project Funded by the European Union • You are asked to work through this file by clicking your mouse; don’t click too quickly - leave time for the animations to complete. • You don’t have to do anything else; the file is only to prepare you for our interview with you • We only have this file in English; don’t worry if it’s not entirely clear to you; the project tackles a complex subject; we’ll try to make sure that you understand fully when we speak directly with you

3. Custody(which may be differentiated by....) Unsupervised release Different levels of security Pre-sentence custody Male/female Post-release supervision Age S Pre-sentence supervision Community sentence 1 Pre-sentence assessment Community sentence 2 Community sentence 3 OFFENDER To start with we would like you to think about each offender in your correctional system taking a “journey” through it Each system is different; each “journey” is different. We shall return to the different systems later

4. Custody(which may be differentiated by....) Unsupervised release Different levels of security Pre-sentence custody Male/female Post-release supervision Age S Pre-sentence supervision Community sentence 1 Pre-sentence assessment Community sentence 2 Community sentence 3 In all likelihood, different “interventions” will have to be applied at different stages. An intervention may be to address a problem associated with re-offending, to protect the public, or to satisfy a requirement set out by a court or judge They may be a compulsory part of the sentence, order or sanction, or they may be organised on a voluntary basis following an assessment Intervention 1 Intervention 3 • An “intervention” may involve, for example • co-operating with drug or alcohol treatment • making good to a victim • doing unpaid work • keeping the offender under close inter-agency surveillance • attending a behavioural programme • living in supervised accommodation Intervention 4 Intervention 2

5. Custody (which may be differentiated by....) Unsupervised release Different levels of security Pre-sentence custody Male/female Post-release supervision Age S Pre-sentence supervision Community sentence 1 Pre-sentence assessment Community sentence 2 Community sentence 3 Case Management OFFENDER The DOMICE Project is interested in this “case management” process There is often then a process which we call “case management”, through which decisions are made about which interventions need to be used. The offender is often required to keep regular appointments with someone to monitor progress and promote co-operation. This is often called “supervision” Someone usually communicates between the different interventions to make sure that the everything is properly integrated

6. The DOMICE Project Case Management Many organisations use “case management” as their main way of working. The key feature of “case management” is that arrangements are made for the delivery of services by someone other than he, she or those who will deliver that service. Decisions about what services are to be provided are usually informed by some form of assessment. The arrangements for providing services are usually expressed in some form of plan. Quite often, overall responsibility is assigned to one person who is often called a Case Manager. There is often some form of shared record system.

7. The DOMICE Project Case Management A high proportion of offenders have multiple needs and/or complex sentences. Offender plans are very likely to involve multiple contacts with one or more service providers, in a situation where enthusiastic, voluntary engagement is unlikely to be the norm. Projects and services tend to specialise in one form of intervention. As a result, some form of case management is an increasingly prevalent way of approaching the management of offenders.

8. The DOMICE Project Case Management • Case management needs to be effectively undertaken in order to • secure offenders’ compliance and co-operation • ensure that the programme for each offender is properly individualised • integrate the work of multiple different providers into a single coherent approach, and thus avoid duplication of effort . • But “case management” takes many forms and can be organised and delivered in many different ways.

9. The DOMICE Project Case Management The DOMICE Project is an EU funded initiative to study, “capture”, share and analyse the different ways in which different countries in Europe understand, organise and deliver case management with offenders. We are interested in who does it, how it’s organised, what tasks it consists of and what we know about what works best.

10. The DOMICE Project Case Management However, it is already clear to us that it is difficult to understand how and where “case management” operates in any correctional system without first understanding the basic structure of that system. So our first series of interviews and contacts aims to establish a “sketch map” of how your correctional system operates. We will then use the Focus Groups and follow-up interviews to look more closely at your approach to case management.

11. The Basic Outline of Your Correctional System Looking again in a bit more detail at our “offender journey” we will try to adapt it so that it reflects the system in your country. In order to do this we will sub-divide it into 4 “domains”....... Pre-Sentence Immediate Custody Supervised Release 1 2 4 1.1 Pre-Sentence Custody 2.1 Custody 4.1 Post-Release Supervision in the Community 1.3 Pre-sentence assessment and report preparation Sentence Passed Unsupervised Release Community-based Options 3 3.1 Suspended Custody with Supervision 1.2 Pre-sentence supervision 3.2 Community orders or sentences - types 1 - n

12. 27,000 at any time Pre-Sentence Immediate Custody Supervised Release 1 2 4 1.1 Pre-Sentence Custody 18,000 a year 2.1 Custody 4.1 Post-Release Supervision in the Community 250 a year 1.3 Pre-sentence assessment and report preparation Sentence Passed Unsupervised Release Community-based Options 3 3.1 Suspended Custody with Supervision • We will ask you to try to provide an indication of scale? For example, how many reports do you prepare each year for your courts, how many people are under some form of supervision in the community at any time, how many are in custody? • We will also try to establish whereabouts on your “map” you consider that some form of “case management” applies? 1.2 Pre-sentence supervision 3.2 Community orders or sentences - types 1 - n

13. The Basic Outline of Your Correctional System We will try to understand how you organise and deliver “case management” with offenders. For example:

14. Custody Unsupervised release 4 levels of security (A, B, C and D) Pre-sentence custody Male/female Post-release supervision Age S Pre-sentence supervision Community sentence 1 Pre-sentence assessment Community sentence 2 Community sentence 3 Custody Unsupervised release 4 levels of security (A, B, C and D) Pre-sentence custody Male/female Post-release supervision Age S Pre-sentence supervision Community sentence 1 Pre-sentence assessment Community sentence 2 Community sentence 3 If you recognise the role which we have described as “case manager” (you may call him or her something different), do your arrangements require that he/she is responsible for the offender, whatever that offender’s personal journey may look like: The Same Case Manager as the Offender Passes through the System ….or is a different case manager assigned for different sentences, or different kinds of sentence, or different stages of a sentence. For example: Pre-sentence work Preparing Post-sentence assessment and plan Managing Community-based sanction or measure Liaison through Custody Managing Post-release supervision Case Manager 1 Case Manager 2 Case Manager 3 Case Manager 4 Case Manager 5 Who are your Case Managers? Are they state, private or “third sector” employees, or some combination of all three? What training and/or qualifications are they required to have?

15. If you have “case managers”, we are interested in finding out in a bit more detail what you expect them to DO. Below we have illustrated some of the tasks which we have found are expected of case managers. Some of these are discrete tasks which follow a sequence (like making a plan and then reviewing progress); others are continuous behaviours. Case Management Forming and maintaining a good working relationship with the offender Meeting regularly with the offender at the office Securing the offender’s compliance/co-operation Preparing an initial assessment Reviewing and updating the assessment and plan Making the arrangements for implementing the plan Monitoring progress of the plan Taking enforcement action if the offender fails to comply Preparing a plan Undertaking counselling or therapy with the offender Reporting back on progress to a Judge or Court Visiting the offender at his/her home/family Advocate or negotiate on behalf of the offender Continuous liaison with other workers or agencies Keeping case records in a prescribed form Sharing information with others Which of these do you expect of your case managers? Do the expectations vary from offender to offender or case manager to case manager? Are there other tasks not listed here? Are these expectations written down in some form of policy or manual?

16. What outcomes or results do you expect from your case managers or your case management approach? What do you expect them to achieve? Here are some of the outcomes which case managers believe they are required to achieve. Can you put them in order of priority for your correctional system? Are there others? Reduce Future Re-Offending Make sure that Punishment is Served Solve Offender’s Problems Make Reparation to the Public Protect the Public Get the Sentence Completed Make Reparation to Individual Victims Keep the Prison Population Down Improve Personal Growth and Development Reduce Crime Overall Stop Re-Offending Re-Integrate the Offender into Society Improve credibility of non-custodial options Save Money

17. CONTROL Prolific Dangerous CHANGE HELP Managing the Workload Typically, how many offenders is one of your Case Managers responsible for at any time? Do these numbers vary, and by how much? Do your Case Managers have all the resources they need to deal effectively with every offender? Tier 1 Tier 2 Tier 3 Tier 4 12 each? 32 each? 108 each? Resources • In England and Wales, for example, the resources and priority assigned to each offender (the tier of service) is based upon an assessment of the risk, needs and complexity of each case. • For each tier: • differently qualified staff are assigned • different standards apply • different workload weightings are allowed PUNISH How do your Case Managers decide how to allocate their time and resources between cases? Risk, Needs and Complexity

18. Finally • have you undertaken any studies or evaluations about your case management arrangements which you are prepared to share internationally, or • are there aspects of your case management arrangements which seem to you to work especially well and which you are prepared to share with others? Thank you for reading this file and thinking about the issues it raises. Either JO CHILVERS or TONY GRAPES from the DOMICE Project will speak with you shortly