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Islam as a political force

Islam as a political force. Relative importance Most significant social organization outside of the family is through Islamic institutions Islamic institutions include: mosque (Friday sermon); religious schools (madrasas) Key concepts in political Islam Role of the Qur’an Apostasy Shari’a

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Islam as a political force

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  1. Islam as a political force • Relative importance • Most significant social organization outside of the family is through Islamic institutions • Islamic institutions include: mosque (Friday sermon); religious schools (madrasas) • Key concepts in political Islam • Role of the Qur’an • Apostasy • Shari’a • Jihad • Hakamiyya • Importance of piety, social justice, and order • Why does Islam become politicized? • Religious view • Protest view • Institutional view

  2. Manifestations of political Islam • Early developments • Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt • Key ideologue: SayyidQutb • States often supported Islamists • Key events • Arab defeat in 1967 • Iranian revolution in 1979 • Assassination of Anwar Sadat in 1981 • War against the Soviets in Afghanistan • Sudanese formulation of an Islamic state in late 1990s • Attack in New York and DC in 2001 • Iraq as the new Afghanistan • Welfare and social service provision • Education, scholarships, food, sanitation • As a protest movement • Key leaders of street protests against regimes • Use of media/Friday sermon; headscarf as a political symbol • As political violence • Assassination of government officials, judges, intellectuals; killing tourists (Egypt) • Suicide bombings of police/military (esp. Palestine/Lebanon/Iraq)

  3. Tunisian election results

  4. Islamists and the state • The Islamist threat • State-led Islamism vs. opposition Islamisms • Islamists as a competitor to the state • Attempts to co-opt Islamic institutions • Why are Islamists considered a threat to the state? • Participatory Islamist movements • Formation of Islamic political parties where available • Strategic decisions about participation vs. opposition • Increasing numbers of participatory movements • What are the effects of participation on Islamist movements? • Splits in Islamist movements • Movements often split over whether or not participation is the right way to go • Is Islamism on the rise or in decline?

  5. Lecture terms—October 26-November 2 Shari’a Madrasa Ulema Jihad Shura Muslim Brotherhood SayyidQutb Crisis-based reform Generational reform 1991 Algerian elections Electoral management Arab Spring Mohammed Bouazizi Zine el Abidine Ben Ali Hosni Mubarak Mohamed el-Baradei Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF) 2011 Tunisian election Al-Nahda

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