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Vibrio

Vibrio . Gram negative curved “comma shaped” bacilli. Aerobes and facultative anaerobes. Motile: possess “single polar” flagellum. Acid sensitive. Grow in alkaline condition. Halophiles. Oxidase positive. Vibrio cholerae. Classified into: Two biotypes: El Tor and Classical Biotypes.

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Vibrio

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  1. Vibrio • Gram negative curved “comma shaped” bacilli. • Aerobes and facultative anaerobes. • Motile: possess “single polar” flagellum. • Acid sensitive. • Grow in alkaline condition. • Halophiles. • Oxidase positive.

  2. Vibrio cholerae • Classified into: • Two biotypes: • El Tor and Classical Biotypes. • ‘O’ antigen Serotypes: • O1and Non O1 (e.g O139 Capsulated (Bengal strain). • O1 contains 3 subtypes: • Inaba. • Ogawa. • Hikojima.

  3. Cholera • Life threatening diarrheal illness. • related to contamination of common water sources (water-born). • occurs as “epidemic” and “pandemic”. • Most pandemic were caused by O1 serotypes (7 pandemic). • One pandemic was caused by O139 serotype in India and Bangladesh 1992. • “Endemic” in India and Africa.

  4. Cholera: diagnosis • Specimen: stool. • Transport media: • Cary-Blair medium and Alkaline peptone water. • Gram staining: • gram negative comma shaped bacilli.

  5. Cholera: diagnosis • Culture: • Selective media: • Thiosulphate Citrate Bile Sucrose agar (TCBS): • ferments sugar and produces yellow colonies. • Motility test; positive. • Biochemical reactions: • Oxidase positive. • Serotyping. • Biotyping

  6. Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Sucrose Agar • Selective medium for vibriocholerae. • The high concentrations of thiosulfate and citrate and the strong alkalinity of this medium largely inhibit the growth of Enterobacteriaceae. • Ox bile and cholate suppress primarily enterococci. • Any coliform bacteria, which may grow, cannot metabolize sucrose. • The mixed indicator thymol blue-bromothymol blue changes its colour to yellow, when acid is formed, even in this strongly alkaline medium. TCBS agar

  7. Alkaline peptone water • Alkaline Peptone Water is an enrichment medium used forthe cultivation of Vibrio species from feces and other infected materials.

  8. Vibrio cholerae • Oxidase test: • The cytochrome oxidase enzyme catalyzes the transport of electrons from a donor compound to the final electron acceptor, oxygen. • In this test, an artificial electron donor, phenylenediamine, a redox dye in its reduced form, is used to reduce the cytochrome oxidase. • If the enzyme is present, the colorless dye will turn a purple to blue color. • No color change is a negative test. Oxidase+ve.

  9. Vibrio cholerae Motile.

  10. Vibrio cholerae • Biotyping:

  11. VP test Polymyxin sensitivity Eltor Vibrio choleraebiotyping +Ve +Ve Cassical -Ve -Ve Eltor Bacteriophage IV sensitivity Hemolysin production Eltor +Ve Cassical +Ve Eltor -Ve -Ve

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