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Summary of what we covered so far…do u remember?

Learn how external events like WW1 and the Great Depression affected Singapore socially, economically, and politically. Explore the causes and effects of these events and their repercussions on trade, mutinies, and government interventions.

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Summary of what we covered so far…do u remember?

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  1. Summary of what we covered so far…do u remember? • http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/art-83456

  2. Cavalry charge by Ottoman army in Sinai

  3. Chp 4: External Events that Affected Singapore • You will learn about: (see pg51,59-66) • 1. What are external events? • 2. How external events affected Singapore? • 2.1 World War 1 • 2. 2 Great Depression • How to classify effects into areas? - economic, social and political areas

  4. 4.1 What are external events? • Events that happened outside of a country • What were some of the external events that affected Singapore in its early history? • 4.1.1 World War 1 • 4.1.2 The Great Depression

  5. TOTAL: 8,364,712

  6. 4.2.1 World War 1 • When? 1914 • Where? Europe • Why did it start? • Causes: • Control of power in Europe (Long-term) • Murder of Austrian Archduke (Short-term, Immediate)

  7. Control of power in Europe • Industrial Revolution --> • Britain became one of the strongest powers by beginning of the 20th century (19…) • Largest empire - British traders in many parts of the world • Other European countries wanted to be more powerful and richer • Tried to control smaller countries • Built power by expanding armies and navies

  8. Control of power in Europe • European countries more fearful of each other • What fear? War and control • Need to have friends - allies • Why? Support them in troubled times • 2 groups formed • Central Powers - Germany, Italy and Austria-Hungary • Allies/Allied Powers - Britain, France and Russia

  9. Murder of Austrian Archduke • Immediate cause • Situation in Europe very tense • Rivalries, build-up of weapons and armies - war could break out at any time • Needed a spark - murder of Austrian Archduke • European countries took sides in the war • Start of World War 1 - Central Powers vs Allies

  10. Serbia wanted to break away from Austro-Hungry and be an independent country.

  11. Assassinationof Austrian Archduke

  12. Effects on Singapore • Rush for food (economic) • Why? • When war broke out • ->Frantic rush to buy food • What would happen to prices? • -> huge increase in price of goods (eg rice and milk) • How solved- prices decreased? • Adequate (Enough) supplies of staples (eg rice) • Government stepped in to ensure enough food for people

  13. Effects on Singapore • Trade (economic) • Why? • Presence of German warship in the East Sep 1914 • the Emden • What effects? • Endangered trade between Singapore and Europe • Attacking British trading ships in Indian Ocean • How solved? • Destroyed by Australian warship in Nov 1914

  14. Effects on Singapore • Mutiny of Indian Troops in Singapore (political) • What is a mutiny? • Taking over power from person in charge without approval • Why started? • British ordered Indian sepoys staationed in Singapore to go to Hong Kong • Rumour they will be sent to fight in Turkey (Muslim country) • Against fighting muslims

  15. Effects on Singapore • Mutiny of Indian Troops in Singapore • How it started? • Sepoys seized Alexandra Barracks and released German prisoners • Formed small groups • Roamed town killing any Europeans they met • Mutiny stopped after 10 days • Why failed? • No local support

  16. 4.2.2 The Great Depression • What is it? • General decrease of business activities with many people unemployed (without jobs) • When? • 1930s • Where it started? • Started in America and spread to the rest of the world • Many factories, shops and banks closed down • Millions lost jobs and suffered great hardship

  17. 4.2.2The Great Depression • Effects on Singapore • Decrease in trade and business (economic) • Why affected? • Depended on trade with other countries - rubber and tin • America and Europe -biggest buyers - bought less • Prices fell sharply • Singapore businesses had less trade - less profit • Retrench workers, closed down, bankruptcy

  18. Trade of Singapore 1920-1930 How can we describe the trade figures?

  19. Trade of Singapore 1920-1930 How can we describe the trade figures? The trade rose/increased between the years 1920 and 1925 but fell/decreased between the years 1925 to 1930

  20. 4.2.2 The Great Depression • Effects on Singapore • Unemployment and Hardship (economic and social) • Difficult to find jobs • Why? Businesses failed - cut down employees or bankrupt

  21. 4.2.2 The Great Depression • How the government tried to solve it? • Restriction on immigration • Passed a law in 1930 - to limit number of immigrants coming to Singapore - Quotas • Arrangements for unemployed to return to their homeland - China and India • Example: • 1930 - 242,000 • 1933 - 28,000

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