FOUR DISASTER MANAGEMENT PHASES Mitigation

1. Flood in China 2010 DISASTER RELIEF FOUR DISASTER MANAGEMENT PHASES Mitigation Mitigation activities actually eliminate or reduce the probability of disaster occurrence, or reduce the effects of unavoidable disasters. Minimizing the effects of disaster. Preparedness Preparedness phase, planning how to respond. Governments, organizations, and individuals develop plans to save lives, minimize disaster damage, and enhance disaster response operations. Preparedness measures include preparedness plans; emergency exercises/training; warning systems; emergency communications systems; evacuations plans and training; resource inventories; emergency personnel/contact lists; mutual aid agreements; and public information/education. Response The aim of emergency response is to provide immediate assistance to maintain life, improve health and support the morale of the affected population. Such assistance may range from providing specific but limited aid, such as assisting refugees with transport, temporary shelter, and food, to establishing semi-permanent settlement in camps and other locations. It also may involve initial repairs to damaged infrastructure. The focus in the response phase is on meeting the basic needs of the people until more permanent and sustainable solutions can be found. Recovery Recovery activities continue until all systems return to normal or better. Recovery measures, both short and long term, include returning vital life-support systems to minimum operating standards; temporary housing; public information; health and safety education; reconstruction; counseling programs; and economic impact studies. Information resources and services include data collection related to rebuilding, and documentation of lessons learned. http://www.gdrc.org/uem/disasters/1-dm_cycle.html Gansu Province Jilin Province • Devastating Flood hits Eastern China • A week of heavy rainfall caused 37,000 houses to collapse and damaged an additional 125,000 • At least 230 million people across 28 provinces have been impacted by the weather. • Officials estimate that nearly 15.2 million residents have been evacuated • Flooding and landslides in northeastern China left have more than 3,185 people dead and 1060 missing to date • The floods have caused the collapse of 670,000 homes and resulted in direct economic losses of 152.4 billion yuan (22.51 billion U.S. dollars). • Since May to 8 September 2010, RCSC has mobilized emergency relief materials to 18 of the provinces most affected by the floods, namely Guangxi, Guangdong, Hunan, Fujian, Hubei, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Anhui, Sichuan, Chongqing, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Henan, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, • Gansu and Shandong. Materials included food, water, family packs, quilts, tents, clothes, environment sterilizers and water purification tablets. IFRC East Asia office provided 6,000 quilts and 90 tonnes of rice to 5,000 families. Sichuan Province Guangdong Province Designed by: Anthony Tan Instructor: Azaroff Project: Disaster Relief Arch 3611 - Fall2010 http://www.ifrc.org/docs/appeals/10/MDRCN00402.pdf

2. Precedent Designs The Ecopod • Made from a shipping container, • power is supplied by a solar panel • The floor is made from recycled car tires • can be used as a stand alone unit or with other structures • minimize environmental impact. • Bamboo: Local Material • Natural composite • Extremely fast growing (full height in 3-4 months) • 1600 species of bamboo • 64% Asia, 33%Latin America, 3% North America • Light and extremely strong • Tensile strengths up to 3200 kg/cm2 • Spans up to 10 meters • Extremely flexible from 6-12 months of age • Disadvantages include: • Subject to rot and Insect attacks • Can not be painted • http://www.networkearth.org/naturalbuilding/bamboo.html • http://bambus.rwth-aachen.de/eng/reports/modern_architecture/referat.html The reCover Disaster Relief Shelter • Made of polypropylene) • Recyclable • Easily transportable in large stacks • The ridges of the shelter bio-mimick the veins of a leaf, allowing it to collect drinking water Eco Homes: X2Shelter • Shelter can be airdropped to unreachable disaster zones • Powered by renewable energy • Shelter optimizes passive ventilation and illumination • Features solar panels and small wind turbines • Rain collector on its roof that stores water inside the structure’s poles • Can be folded for reuse or recycling • Arboform: Renewable liquid wood • Renewable plastic with wood-like qualities, can be formed into any shape • Made from lignin-a byproduct of the paper-making process mixing it with natural fibers such as wood or hemp • Biodegradable (decay or incineration) like wood • Environmentally friendly • Can be molded, polished, and even chewed • http://www.tecnaro.de/english/arboform.htm?section=arboform Folding Bamboo House • Origami inspired • Sustainable bamboo poles that are pre-assembled into rigid geometric shapes • The use of bamboo and other renewable materials makes sure that the structures are light in weight and can be easily assembled • Shelters are covered with recycled paper. Woven Shelter • A sequence of donut-like membranes with bag filled with cheap, local resources such as sand. • These membranes are then woven into strands and become a self supporting structure without additional framing. Designed by: Anthony Tan Instructor: Azaroff Project: Disaster Relief Arch 3611 - Fall2010