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Home. Hydrothermal vent tube worms. Pillow lava forming basalt. Hydrothermal vents. Hydrothermal vents. Figure 26.14 A window to early life?. Figure 27.1 “Heat-loving” prokaryotes. Goldilocks Planet. History of earth. Today. History of earth. 5 BYA. 10 BYA. 15 BYA. Today.

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  1. Home Hydrothermal vent tube worms

  2. Pillow lava forming basalt

  3. Hydrothermal vents

  4. Hydrothermal vents

  5. Figure 26.14 A window to early life?

  6. Figure 27.1 “Heat-loving” prokaryotes

  7. Goldilocks Planet

  8. History of earth

  9. Today History of earth 5 BYA 10 BYA 15 BYA

  10. Today History of earth 5 BYA 10 BYA Big Bang 15 BYA

  11. Today History of earth 5 BYA 10 BYA First stars Big Bang 15 BYA

  12. Today History of earth 5 BYA 10 BYA Our solar system First stars Big Bang 15 BYA

  13. Our Solar System • Origins about 4.5 billion years ago • System consists of silicates, iron compounds, ice, and froze gases

  14. Early Molten Earth • Earth is close to sun and thus has little ice or frozen gases • Consists mostly of silicate and iron compounds that that slowly cooled in the outer surface forming a crust of rock

  15. So where is all the water?

  16. Figure 26.0x Volcanic activity and lightning associated with the birth of the island of Surtsey near Iceland; terrestrial life began colonizing Surtsey soon after its birth

  17. Water world

  18. Today 5 BYA 10 BYA Our solar system First stars Big Bang 15 BYA

  19. Today 5 BYA Complex organic molecules 10 BYA Our solar system First stars Big Bang 15 BYA

  20. Today Prokaryotic cells 5 BYA Complex organic molecules 10 BYA Our solar system First stars Big Bang 15 BYA

  21. Figure 26.3x1 Spheroidal Gunflint Microfossils

  22. Figure 26.9 Louis Pasteur

  23. Figure 26.9 Pasteur and biogenesis of microorganisms (Layer 1)

  24. Figure 26.9 Pasteur and biogenesis of microorganisms (Layer 2)

  25. Figure 26.9 Pasteur and biogenesis of microorganisms (Layer 3) Today, we see no evidence of spontaneous generation of life and thus all modern life comes from pre-existing life

  26. What is life? • All life on Earth is cellular • All cellular life contains DNA (genetic material) • All life needs to sustain a cellular metabolism • Metabolism is all the chemical reactions in a cell • Includes all the chemical reactions that produce complex organic molecules for growth and reproduction • Includes all the chemical reactions that breakdown complex organic molecules to release usable energy

  27. The Miller-Urey experiment • Created conditions thought to be prevalent in the early Earth • Plenty of methane, ammonia, water, and hydrogen • What is missing? • Vapor from solution rises through electrical spark • What was in the condensed solution?

  28. Figure 26.10x Lightning

  29. Today Prokaryotic cells 5 BYA Complex organic molecules 10 BYA Our solar system First stars Big Bang 15 BYA

  30. Today Photosynthesis Prokaryotic cells 5 BYA Complex organic molecules 10 BYA Our solar system First stars Big Bang 15 BYA

  31. Protocontinents • Hawaii lava flow

  32. Early continents (gray)

  33. Figure 26.4x Stromatolites in Northern Canada

  34. Figure 26.4 Bacterial mats and stromatolites

  35. Figure 26.3 Early (left) and modern (right) prokaryotes

  36. Figure 27.11x1 Cyanobacteria: Gloeothece (top left), Nostoc (top right), Calothrix (bottom left), Fischerella (bottom right)

  37. Figure 27.11x2 A bloom of cyanobacteria

  38. Figure 26.5 Banded iron formations are evidence of the vintage of oxygenic photosynthesis

  39. Figure 26.0 A painting of early Earth showing volcanic activity and photosynthetic prokaryotes in dense mats

  40. Today Photosynthesis Prokaryotic cells 5 BYA Complex organic molecules 10 BYA Our solar system First stars Big Bang 15 BYA

  41. Today Eukaryotic cells Photosynthesis Prokaryotic cells 5 BYA Complex organic molecules 10 BYA Our solar system First stars Big Bang 15 BYA

  42. Figure 26.6 Fossilized alga about 1.2 billion years old

  43. Figure 28.1a Too diverse for one kingdom: Amoeba proteus, a unicellular "protozoan"

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