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SMART DUST

DARPA. DARPA. MTO. MEMS. SMART DUST. K. Pister, J. Kahn, B. Boser (UCB) S. Morris (MLB). Goals. Autonomous sensor node (mote) in 1 mm 3 MAV delivery Thousands of motes Many interrogators Demonstrate useful/complex integration in 1 mm 3. COTS Dust. GOALS:

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SMART DUST

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  1. DARPA DARPA MTO MEMS SMART DUST K. Pister, J. Kahn, B. Boser (UCB) S. Morris (MLB)

  2. Goals • Autonomous sensor node (mote) in 1 mm3 • MAV delivery • Thousands of motes • Many interrogators • Demonstrate useful/complex integration in 1 mm3

  3. COTS Dust GOALS: • Create a network of sensors • Explore system design issues • Provide a platform to test Dust components • Use off the shelf components

  4. N W E S 2 Axis Magnetic Sensor 2 Axis Accelerometer Light Intensity Sensor Humidity Sensor Pressure Sensor Temperature Sensor COTS Dust - RF Motes • Atmel Microprocessor • RF Monolithics transceiver • 916MHz, ~20m range, 4800 bps • 1 week fully active, 2 yr @1%

  5. COTS Dust - Network Simulation Cheap platforms --> Lots of nodes --> Network challenges!

  6. COTS Dust - Optical Motes Laser mote • 650nm laser pointer • 2 day life full duty CCR mote • 4 corner cubes • 40% hemisphere

  7. CCR Interogator

  8. Video Semaphore Decoding Diverged beam @ 5.2 km In shadow in evening sun Diverged beam @ 300m Shadow or full sunlight

  9. 1 Mbps CMOS imaging receiver

  10. Optical Communication (vs. RF) • Pro: • low power • small aperture • spatial division multiplexing • high data rates • LPI/LPD • baseband coding • Con: • line of sight • atmospheric turbulence

  11. Turbulent Channel

  12. Micro Mote - First Attempt

  13. AR coated dome lens Steering Mirror laser CMOS ASIC 2D beam scanning

  14. 6-bit DAC Driving Scanning Mirror • Open loop control • Insensitive to disturbance • Potentially low power

  15. Power and Energy • Sources • Solar cells • Thermopiles • Storage • Batteries ~1 J/mm3 • Capacitors ~1 mJ/mm3 • Usage • Digital control: nW • Analog circuitry: nJ/sample • Communication: nJ/bit

  16. MOTE Dust Delivery • Floaters • Autorotators • solar cells • Rockets • thermopiles • MAVs

  17. MAV Delivery Built by MLB Co. • 60 mph • 18 min • 1 mi comm

  18. Applications • DoD • Battlefield sensor networks • Sensor mine-fields, burrs and fleas • Traffic mapping • Captured terrain surveillance • Bunker mapping • ... • Civilian • High speed/low power IRDA • Interactive virtual ballet • ...

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