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Ming and Qing Dynasty’s 1369-1911 C.E. and the West

Ming and Qing Dynasty’s 1369-1911 C.E. and the West. Successfully kicked out the Mongol Yuan dynasty Re-established the rule of a ethnically Han-Chinese Dynasty (the Ming – “Brilliant”). Zheng He. What happened to Zheng He, the Ming fleet and exploration? Why?. Tributary States.

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Ming and Qing Dynasty’s 1369-1911 C.E. and the West

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  1. Ming and Qing Dynasty’s1369-1911 C.E.and the West

  2. Successfully kicked out the Mongol Yuan dynasty • Re-established the rule of a ethnically Han-Chinese Dynasty (the Ming – “Brilliant”)

  3. Zheng He What happened to Zheng He, the Ming fleet and exploration? Why?

  4. Tributary States • Neighboring states that paid tribute to the all powerful Middle Kingdom • Usually gave gifts to honor the Emperor • Like a Confucian younger brother showing respect to the head of the family • The leader or ambassador of the must kow tow • Korea, Nepal, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Burma

  5. Kow Tow • Deep bow, head touching the floor • Sign of deep respect

  6. Chinese Tribute States

  7. The Qing/Manchu Dynasty • Manchurian conquest – 1644 • Manchus – Non Han Chinese Ethnic Group • Established the Qing Dynasty • Adopted Chinese political system and values • Relative tolerance of Christian missionaries, especially Catholic Jesuits

  8. Problems • The empire was overextended 1

  9. Arrival of European Powers • Viewed European nations as new tributary states • Europeans refused to kow tow • Failed to see the superiority of European military Cultural misunderstanding 2

  10. Arrival of the British • They want new markets • They want Chinese tea and silk and porcelain • First trading post – Canton 1699 • British confined to an island outside city walls

  11. “As Your Ambassador can see for himself we possess all things. I set no value on objects strange and ingenious and have no use for your country’s manufactures.” - Emperor Qianlong to Lord George Macartney 1792 (on a British mission for trade and commerce with China)

  12. No interest in British manufacturing goods • Trade imbalance • British request trade liberalization (free trade) in 1793 • Ships, guns and new products from the West showed the weakness of the Manchu

  13. Western Imperialism • Why did Westerners come? • Did it bring new ideas to China? • Were the Christian missionaries agents of positive change? • Was increasing trade with the West inevitable? • Did the West impose its ideas on the Chinese? • Did Western imperialism merely accelerate modernisation? • Contact with the West – boon or bane? • See “World of History” pp. 613-14

  14. Next Time: 3 episodes • The Opium Wars: 1839-1842 • The Boxer Rebellion: 1900 • The Revolution of 1911-1912

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