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PLUG-INs A Student’s Guide to Information Literacy

PLUG-INs A Student’s Guide to Information Literacy . IN-TEXT CITATIONS for Paraphrases APA Style. What is an in-text citation?. What is APA style ?. What are paraphrases?. Why are ladybugs in this presentation?. Why not ? . T hey are cute and useful insects. .

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PLUG-INs A Student’s Guide to Information Literacy

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  1. PLUG-INs A Student’s Guide to Information Literacy IN-TEXT CITATIONS for Paraphrases APA Style

  2. What is an in-text citation? What is APA style ? What are paraphrases?

  3. Why are ladybugs in this presentation? Why not ? They are cute and useful insects.

  4. APA means American Psychological Association, a professional organization. What is an in-text citation? It identifies the source of information in the body of your writing.

  5. For paraphrasing remember : Same meaning but different words. For example, There are 2 and a quarter million people in Dubai. Change to: Dubai has a population of 2.25 million.

  6. You do not need quotation marks for words which are not direct quotations (for example paraphrases or summaries). But you need to note the source of the information. Do it like this : (Author, year) You put it in the body of your writing, not at the bottom of a page or at the end.

  7. Open parenthesis mark Closed parenthesis mark (Author, year) Year source published Comma, space Author’s last name only Page numbers are not noted in APA for paraphrases.

  8. Blah dadeedadada Dubai is the most interesting city in the world (Smith, 2005). Blah dadeedadada. Here is what it looks like. If the citation is at the end of a sentence, put a full stop outside the parenthesis mark.

  9. For example, you see a table that says 4 ½ million ladybugs live in the UAE. What about just a number from a table, graph or chart ?

  10. Did you count the 4 ½ million yourself ? No ! You read it. So, you must note the source of your information. Write it the same way but add the page number : (Smith, 2005, p. 4)

  11. The complete citation (full author name, year, title, city, publisher, & pages) must be in the Bibliography or Reference List at the end of your paper.

  12. If the author’s name appears as part of your text, write only the year in parentheses after the author’s name. Here is a different situation. For example : Smith (2005) claims that Dubai is the most interesting city in the world.

  13. If the author has written 2 or more items in your bibliography in the same year… Put the letter “a” after the year for the first item, “b” for the next item etc. For example : (Smith, 2005a)

  14. Write both last names with the ampersand “&” then comma and year. What if there are 2 authors ? For example : (Smith & Jones, 2005)

  15. What if the source is a website? Again, write the author’s last name and year. But, if there is no author, write the first 3 words of the title of the webpage in italics and the year.

  16. For citations that do not seem to fit the examples, look in a book like this. It is on the library shelf at BF76.7 .P47 2007 Or, enter “APA” in a title or keyword search of the library catalogue to find similar books.

  17. I hope this helps you understand how to write APA in-text citations for paraphrases. Ask your teacher or your friendly librarian if you have any questions.

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