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Japanese Encephalitis Virus

Japanese Encephalitis Virus

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Japanese Encephalitis Virus

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  1. JapaneseEncephalitis Virus

  2. Introduction • Japanese encephalitis virus is a mosquito-borne viral infection of horses, pigs and humans. • Japanese encephalitis virus introduction • History • Geographic distribution • Transmission cycles • Signs and symptoms • Viral structure

  3. History • 1871, Japanese encephalitis was recognized in horses and humans; • 1924, a severe epidemic was reported from Japan; • 1934, Hyashi reproduced the disease in monkey by intra-cerebral inoculation; • 1935, JE virus was isolated from human brain in Tokyo, Japan, and its virological and serological prototype, Nakayama strain, was established.

  4. Geographic Distribution • Endemic in temperate and tropical regions of Asia • China • Korea • Japan • Taiwan • Thailand.

  5. Transmission Cycles

  6. Signs and symptoms Most JEV infections are mild (fever and headache) or without apparent symptoms, but approximately 1 in 250 infections results in severe clinical illness. Severe disease is characterized by rapid onset of high fever, headache, neck stiffness, disorientation, coma, seizures, spastic paralysis and ultimately death.

  7. Signs and symptoms The incubation period of JEV is about 10-15 days. Most of the infected patients have no symptom or mild symptom, only a few with central nervous system symptoms, such as high fever, headache, cachexia, disturbance of consciousness and convulsions, etc. The manifestation can be divided into four levels according to the severity of the disease:

  8. Viral Structure Figure. Viral structure of Japanese encephalitis virus. The viral particle (A), the E protein structure (B) and the cross-section profile of JEV (C).

  9. Diagnosis • IgM antibody - ELISA; • Neutralisationassays; • Viral detection - RT-PCR; • Virus isolation by cell culture.

  10. Prevention • There are 4 main types of JE vaccines currently in use: • inactivated mouse brain-derived vaccines; • inactivated Vero cell-derived vaccines; • live attenuated vaccines; • live recombinant vaccines.

  11. www.creative-diagnostics.com info@creative-diagnostics.com 1-631-624-4882 1-631-938-8221 45-1 Ramsey Road, Shirley, NY 11967, USA

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