SAFETY & HEALTH

1. SAFETY & HEALTH MANAGERS TIPS AND TOOLS FOR CREATING A RESPIRATOR PROGRAM

2. INTRODUCTION • Intended As a guide • Need to develop program that meets your needs • Some of the materials covered are examples • Important to remember • Supplied Air Respirators and SCBA’s are included • Other Fit testing methods – we’re discussing Bitrex

3. DEFINITIONS • Air Purifying Respirator (APR) • A respirator with an air-purifying filter, cartridge or canister that removes contaminants • Filtering facepiece – dust mask • End-of service-life (ESLI) • System that warns user that sorbent is approaching saturation or is no longer effective • Qualitative fit test (QLFT) • Pass/Fail test to assess adequacy of respirator fit that relies on individual’s response to the test agent

4. DEFINITIONS • Quantitative fit test (QNFT) • An assessment of the adequacy of respirator fit by numerically measuring the amount of leakage into the respirator • Immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH) • An atmosphere that poses an immediate threat to life, would cause irreversible adverse health effects, or would impair an individual’s ability to escape • Physician or other licensed health care professional (PLHCP) - Doctor

5. DEFINITIONS • National Institute of Occupational Safety & Health (NIOSH) • is the federal agency responsible for conducting research and making recommendations for the prevention of work-related injury and illness. • Particulate Filter Series (N, P, R) • Testing and certification requirements for filters (NIOSH Part 84). Establishes 3 levels of filter efficiency and filter resistance. • Efficiencies Filter Resistance • 95% N – Not resistant to • 99% R – Resistant to oil • 100% P – Oil Proof • Training Inspiration Point (T. I. P.)

6. T I P Before using respirators, evaluate the possibility of… • Using Engineering controls by • Opening windows or doors • Using local exhaust fans or chemical fume hoods • Using Administrative controls by • Substituting less hazardous products • Reducing exposure time to chemical • Contracting out work • Working outdoors

7. Respirator Program WHERE DO I START?

8. Respiratory Protection Program Elements 1910.134

9. RECORDKEEPING USE PROGRAM REVIEW TRAINING INSPECTION CLEANING FIT TESTING MEDICAL EVALUATION RESPIRATOR SELECTION WRITTEN PROGRAM

10. Written Program 1 • Employer must develop a written program with worksite specific procedures when respirators are required by • Label • MSDS; or • Employer • Program must be administered by a suitably trained program administrator • Must update program as necessary to reflect changes in workplace conditions

11. Voluntary Use • If respirators not required by label or policy: • Employer can provide respirator at employee’s request • Permit employee to use their own • Employer must implement limited written program • Medical evaluation • Maintenance, cleaning and storage • Copy of Appendix D • Employee precautions • READ and HEED all instructions • Use NIOSH certified respirator • Keep track of respirator

12. Medical Evaluation 2 • A medical evaluation is required for employees who wear respirators • Intended to assure that employees are physically able to wear a respirator • Medical questionnaire • Administered confidentially • Completed on work time • Reviewed and cleared or; • Medical evaluation is needed

13. Medical Evaluation • Employee needs to be provided an opportunity to discuss the questionnaire and examination results with PLHCP • Following supplemental information must be provided to the PLHCP: • Type/weight of respirator • Duration/frequency of use • Expected physical work effort • Additional PPE to be worn • Temperature/humidity extremes • Copy of written policy and OSHA standard

14. Medical Evaluation • Annual review of medical status IS NOT REQUIRED • However, at a minimum, employer must provide additional medical evaluations if: • Worker reports medical signs or symptoms related to the ability to use a respirator • PLHCP, supervisor or program administrator has reason to believe a worker needs to be reevaluated • Observations during fit testing and program evaluation indicate need • Change occurs in workplace conditions that may substantially increase physiological burden placed on employee (i.e. temp, protective clothing)

15. Respirator Selection 3 • Choose the right respirator to protect from contaminant (consult Label and MSDS) • Respirators must be NIOSH approved • Evaluate workplace exposure, assume IDLH if contaminant is unknown • Air purifying respirators cannot be used in IDLH atmospheres • Select from a sufficient number of respirator models and sizes

16. Cartridge Selection • Check label and MSDS for recommendations • Cartridges must be color coded with NIOSH approval label • Label must not be removed, remain legible and marked with • “NIOSH”, MFG’s name & part number, and cartridge or filter type (i.e. N95, P100 etc.) • For most all pesticides, the following two are recommended: • Dust/mist/fumes filter • No spray oils present: N-95 or P-100 (HEPA) • Spray oils present: R-95 or P-100 (HEPA) • Toxics • Organic vapor cartridge (OV), or OV and acid gas cartridge, or multi-contaminant cartridge

17. Fit Testing 4 • Must be done prior to use • Must be repeated at least annually or sooner if • A new respirator is introduced • Changes in physical condition occur • Recent dental work, and dentures • Facial surgery, treatments, scars • Weight loss or gain of 15 lbs or more • Fit testing comprised of two parts

18. Fit Testing TASTE THRESHOLD SCREENING • Test is done to assure person can detect the sweet or bitter taste of test solution • Do not eat, drink (except water) or chew gum for 15 minutes prior to test • Test solution is injected in increments of 10 • Note whether 10, 20, or 30 squeezes produced a taste response • If 30 squeezes is inadequate for taste response, another type of fit test must be used

19. Fit Testing TEST EXERCISES • Normal breathing while standing • Deep breathing while standing • Turning head side to side while standing • Moving head up and down while standing • Bending over (jogging in place can be used) • Talking (Rainbow Passage) • Normal breathing while standing • Each exercise takes 60 seconds • Inject fit test solution • Use same number of squeezes as required in Taste threshold screening • Inject one-half the number of squeezes every 30 seconds • Test is terminated any time sweet or bitter taste is detected • Wait 15 minutes reposition respirator and retry • Test is complete and successful fit is demonstrated without detection

20. Respirator Use 5 • Must be medically qualified • No facial hair may come in contact with respirator seal • User seal checks must be performed each time respirator is put on • Never use an air purifying respirator • In oxygen deficient atmospheres • In an IDLH atmosphere • For firefighting or fumigating • Which is not approved for contaminant or hazard • For large chemical spills or leaks or thick dust clouds

21. Respirator Use • If you experience • Warning signs of taste, smell, irritation, cough • Difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, chest pain • Dizziness, nausea, headache GET OUT OF AREA TO FRESH AIR AND REMOVE RESPIRATOR • What to do • Inspect Respirator • Change cartridges and filters • Put on respirator and conduct fit checks • Re-enter and if conditions persist, exit and inform supervisor • Address medical and exposure symptoms and inform supervisor

22. Respirator Use Cartridge Change Schedule • Cartridges and filters must be changed regularly • If cartridge has no ESLI then employer must implement a change schedule based on objective information • Three ways to estimate cartridge service life • Experimental Tests • Manufacturer’s recommendation • Math model • Factors that can reduce cartridge service life • Exertion level (i.e. smoker vs non-smoker) • Temperature and humidity • Multiple contaminants

23. Inspection & Care 6 • Inspect before and after each use and cleaning to ensure all parts are present and operating • What to look for • Dirt, oil, soap or chemical residue • Cracks, tears, holes • Broken parts • Distortion and affects of UV radiation • Valves - do they lay flat and are they present • Check elasticity of straps (any modifications) • Cartridges – damaged, expired, correct ones for job

24. Storage • Proper storage prevents • Respirator from being distorted causing it to lose its ability to fit properly • Damage (sunlight, temperature, moisture, chemicals) • It from becoming contaminated reducing the protection it can provide • Areas to avoid • Glove compartment • Behind the seat • Hanging from a hook or rear view mirror

25. Cleaning 7 • Provide each user with a respirator that is clean, sanitary and in good working order • Inspect prior to and after cleaning • A respirator that is not clean can: • Cause a reduced seal • Cause undue wear on certain parts • Lead to skin problems • Use manufacturer’s recommendation for cleaning • Hand or air dry the respirator • Properly store until next use

26. Cleaning • Daily with a cleaning wipe • Deep cleaning as follows: • Clean in warm water (not to exceed 100o F) • Use a mild detergent • Can use a one-step combination detergent/sanitizer • Wash with a soft sponge • Rinse with running (required) warm water (not to exceed 100o F) • Sanitizing required if reissuing

27. Training 8 • Must be done prior to use • Training must cover • Why respirator is necessary • Limitations and capabilities of the respirator • Effective use in emergency situations • How to inspect, put on and remove, use and check the seals • Maintenance, care and storage • Must be repeated annually or when • Workplace conditions change • New type of respirator used • Inadequacies in employee’s knowledge or use indicates need DOCUMENT

28. Program Review 9 Factors that need to be assessed should include: • Respirator fit • Appropriate respirator selection for the hazards to which the employee is exposed • Proper respirator use under the workplace conditions the employee encounters • Proper respirator maintenance

29. Recordkeeping 10 • Written Program • Medical Certifications • Fit Test Records • Training Records • Air monitoring records

30. SUMMARY • Written Program • Medical Certifications • Fit Testing • Establish cartridge change schedule • Training • Assistance • OSHA (eTool, Compliance Assistance Specialist, Consultation Service) • PestSure (Linda) • Draeger Representative (Mike Allen)

32. QUESTIONS