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Chapter 10: The Youth Culture. Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9th Edition. Donna M. Gollnick and Philip C. Chinn. any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network;
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Chapter 10: The Youth Culture Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9th Edition Donna M. Gollnick and Philip C. Chinn • any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; • preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; • any rental, lease, or lending of the program.
Age and Culture We feel, think, perceive, and behave based on the age group to which we belong. An understanding of the various age groups is helpful in understanding and providing appropriately for the needs of students.
Young Adulthood Young adulthood is typically defined as ages 18 to 22 or 18 to 25. Young adulthood is a critical period in the life of an individual. Young adults are faced with some of the most important decisions they will ever make, which may have an impact on the rest of their lives.
Generation Y Generation Y are the children of baby boomers and the younger siblings of Generation X. Generation Y is defined by technology and globalization, and social media plays a major role in their lives. Generation Y-ers are considered the most tolerant generation in this country’s history.
Generation Z Generation Z includes those born between 1991 and 2000. Members of the Z Generation were born and grew up with much more advanced technology than their Generation Y counterparts. The technology expertise of the Z Generation poses challenges to educators and parents.
Childhood Childhood is a critical time in the life of an individual. The educational setting can have a profound influence on the young child. Educators should be concerned for the overall well-being of their students.
Social Class and Poverty Poverty creates numerous problems for children. Appropriate child care is often difficult for working mothers to provide. Inadequate child care may compromise the child’s socialization and development processes.
Children, Ethnic Awareness, and Prejudice Hate crimes and racial violence continue to plague this country. Attention by educators to signs of developing prejudice in young children can have a positive effect in countering its influence.
Child Abuse Child abuse is the physical or psychological mistreatment of a child. Abused children may experience serious problems in school, in terms of both disruptive behavior and academic achievement. Child abuse is usually categorized as physical abuse, physical neglect, sexual abuse, or emotional abuse. It is the responsibility of each teacher to report known or suspected cases of child abuse.
Childhood Obesity The prevalence of childhood obesity in the United States has more than tripledin the last 30 years. Obese children are more likely to have lifelong health issues and face emotional and social problems than their peers.
Adolescence Adolescence is typically defined as ages 13 through 18. It is a long transitional period during which the individual is “suspended” between childhood and adulthood. Emancipation from the primary family unit is the central task of the individual.
Relationship with Parents As the adolescent shifts emotional ties from the family to peers, a restructuring may take place in the parent-adolescent relationship. As adolescents assert their rights to assume adult behaviors, they sometimes are unable to assume complementary adult-like responsibilities, which can lead to conflict in families.
At-Risk Youth and High-Risk Behaviors At-risk youthare those with a disadvantaged living status. High-risk behaviorsare those that youth engage in that make them or others vulnerable to physical, social, or psychological harm or negative outcomes. High-risk behaviors include the use of harmful substances such as alcohol or other drugs, and sexual behaviors leading to unwanted pregnancies or sexually transmitted diseases.
Substance Abuse Substance abuse is the use of banned or illegal drugs and substances or the overuse of legal substances. Substances are abused to produce altered states of consciousness. Adolescent drug users are either experimenters or compulsive users.
Adolescent Sexual Behaviors America’s high school students are involved in activities that can lead to pregnancy and STDs, including HIV infection. Sexual activity and high-risk behaviors often have a high correlation with poverty and with states and regions with high levels of poverty. Sexting involves the sending of nude or semi-nude pictures from cell phone to cell phone.
Adolescent Suicide Suicide is the third leading cause of deathamong young people. Reasons for the suicide phenomenon include: the decline in religiosity tension between parents the breakup of the nuclear family family tensions and conflict substance abuse the competitiveness of school Educators need to be aware of the warning signs of suicide and self-injury.
Adolescent Self-Injury Self-injury or self-mutilation is the deliberate act of harming one’s own body. Most self-injury behaviors begin between the ages of 12 and 15. Adolescents may engage in this behavior to manage painful feelings, cope with anxiety, and relieve stress and pressure.
Bullying Bullying may involve: teasing taunting verbal abuse shoving hitting spreading rumors deliberately excluding someone Bullying by peers can have serious long-term consequences for children.
Youth Violence Many warning signs of potentially aggressive behavior overlap with the warning signs of individuals considering suicide. Educators need to know the signs of potentially aggressive behavior and depression and refer the individual to a school counselor or to another appropriate authority. Violent television programmingmay be linked to potentially aggressive behavior. Membership in street gangs is also linked to violent behavior.
The Hip-Hop Culture Rap and rap music are a major part of the hip-hop culture. Rap artists have been under increasing criticismfor their frequent use of sexist, racist, and violence-laced lyrics.
Cell Phones and Texting Cell phonesand texting are increasingly important functions in the lives of adolescents. There are dangerous implicationsof cell phones and texting, including addictions and safety issues while driving.
America’s Youth in Today’s Classrooms By addressing the issues of various age groups in the classroom, educators can help students to better understand their siblings, parents, and other important people in their lives. Understanding the particular age group characteristics and needs of students can assist the educator in better understanding and managing age-related behavior.
