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New Frontiers for the Nongmingong : China’s Landscape of Intra-Provincial Labor Migration

New Frontiers for the Nongmingong : China’s Landscape of Intra-Provincial Labor Migration. Doug Shultz Geography and Economics Advisors: Professors Anne Knowles and Will Pyle. The story. Migrant conditions Unofficial residence status Denied access to many social services, resources

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New Frontiers for the Nongmingong : China’s Landscape of Intra-Provincial Labor Migration

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  1. New Frontiers for the Nongmingong:China’s Landscape of Intra-Provincial Labor Migration Doug Shultz Geography and Economics Advisors: Professors Anne Knowles and Will Pyle

  2. The story Migrant conditions • Unofficial residence status • Denied access to many social services, resources • Discrimination • Rural to urban capital flows Urbanization in China • Cultural Revolution • Hukou System established • Open Up and Reform policies • Development of the nongmingong • Western Development • Emergence of intra-provincial migration model • 2008 Global Economic Crisis • Westward movement of industry and labor • Strengthening intra-provincial migration

  3. The questions We know intra-provincial migration is increasing, so: • Who? • Where? • WHY? • How can this knowledge inform migration reform?

  4. How can we understand it? • Data • Chinese Household Income Project Survey (CHIPS), 2002 • Geographic Analysis • Distance • Regionalization • Spatial relationships • Visualization • Econometric Analysis • Intra- and inter-provincial migration models • Compensation models • Attitude models

  5. Study area

  6. Intra-provincial migration rates

  7. Income levels

  8. Provision of pension fund

  9. Provision of medical insurance

  10. Provision of unemployment insurance

  11. Provision of housing

  12. Average family size

  13. Average age of migrant

  14. Conclusions • Pull factors • NOT pension, medical insurance, unemployment insurance • Housing • Push factors • Family size tends to be lower • Migrants tend to be younger

  15. Now what? • Further research and analysis • Additional controls • Average provincial economic conditions • Legacy controls • Macro flows from the Chinese Census • More robust geographic analysis • Network analysis • Distance measurements • Toward the real world…

  16. Why is this important? • Chinese migration policy • China’s sustainability • Environmental • Economic • Global economy • Socialism vs. Capitalism

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