1 / 70

Solutions

Solutions. Solution. A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. For Any Solution. Solvent - the substance present in the most amount. Solute - the substance present in the least amount. For Any Solution. Solvent - there can be only ONE Solute - there can be

thor
Download Presentation

Solutions

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Solutions

  2. Solution A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.

  3. For Any Solution Solvent- the substance present in the most amount. Solute- the substance present in the least amount.

  4. For Any Solution Solvent- there can be only ONE Solute- there can be MORE than one

  5. Solvent- the substance present in the most amount. Solute- the substance present in the least amount. What is the solvent in air?

  6. Solvent- the substance present in the most amount. Solute- the substance present in the least amount. What are the solutes in air?

  7. Solvent- the substance present in the most amount. Solute- the substance present in the least amount. What is the solvent in stainless steel?

  8. Solvent- the substance present in the most amount. Solute- the substance present in the least amount. What are the solutes in stainless steel?

  9. Aqueous Solution Solvent- Water Solute- The substance dissolved in water

  10. Solubility The amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent, at a given temperature.

  11. Is NaCl soluble in H2O?

  12. Saturated Solution A solution containing the maximum amount of a solute that is possible to dissolve in a given volume of solvent at a given temperature.

  13. Saturated Solution NaCl has a solubility of 357 grams per liter of "cold" H2O. +

  14. Saturated Solution How many moles of NaCl are in the solution? NaCl solution

  15. Saturated Solution 357 g NaCl 1 mole NaCl = 58 g NaCl NaCl solution 6.2 mole NaCl

  16. Saturated Solution How many "particles" of NaCl are in the solution? NaCl solution

  17. Saturated Solution 6.02 X 1023 particles NaCl 357 g NaCl = 58 g NaCl 3.7 X 1024 particles NaCl NaCl solution

  18. Concentration A comparison of the amounts of solute and solvent in a solution.

  19. Concentration "Strong" and "Weak" give SOME comparison, but only a general idea.

  20. Concentration "Dilute" and "Concentrated" still don't provide enough for quantitative calculations.

  21. Concentration To do calculations, we must know "how much" solute and "how much" solvent are present.

  22. Molarity M = moles solute dm3 solution

  23. 1 mole = formula mass (g) 1 liter = 1 cubic decimeter dm3 1 liter = 1000 milliliters 1 ml = 1 cm3

  24. moles Molarity = dm3 • What is the molarity of a liter of solution containing 100 grams of copper (II) chloride?

  25. moles Molarity = dm3 1 0 0 g C u C l 2 1 l i t e r

  26. moles Molarity = dm3 1 0 0 g C u C l 2 1 l i t e r grams

  27. moles Molarity = dm3 mole 1 0 0 g C u C l 2 1 l i t e r grams

  28. moles Molarity = dm3 1 mole 1 0 0 g C u C l 2 1 l i t e r grams

  29. moles Molarity = dm3 1 0 0 g C u C l 2 1 m o l e 1 l i t e r 1 3 4 g Cu = 1 X 64 = 64 Cl = 2 X 35 = 70 134

  30. moles Molarity = dm3 1 0 0 g C u C l 2 1 m o l e 1 l i t e r 1 l i t e r 1 3 4 g 1 d m 3

  31. moles Molarity = dm3 1 0 0 g C u C l 2 1 m o l e 1 l i t e r 1 l i t e r 1 3 4 g 1 d m 3 Have we worked the problem?

  32. moles Molarity = dm3 1 0 0 g C u C l 2 1 m o l e 1 l i t e r 1 l i t e r 1 3 4 g 1 d m 3 . 7 5 M C u C l 2

  33. How is this problemdifferent from the first? • How much NaCl is needed to prepare 250ml of 0.5M salt water

  34. The second GIVES M The first ASKS for M 1. What is the molarity of a liter of solution containing 100 grams of copper (II) chloride? • How much NaCl is needed to prepare 250ml of 0.5M salt water?

  35. How much NaCl is needed to prepare 250 ml of 0.5 M salt water

  36. Preparation 250 ml 0.5 mole NaCl dm3

  37. Preparation 250 ml 0.5 mole NaCl dm3 What units will we have when the problem is worked?

  38. Preparation 250 ml 0.5 mole NaCl dm3 need grams

  39. Preparation 250 ml 0.5 mole NaCl dm3 need grams

  40. Preparation 250 ml 0.5 mole NaCl dm3 1 mole NaCl need grams

  41. Preparation 250 ml 0.5 mole NaCl 58 g NaCl dm3 1 mole NaCl need grams

  42. Preparation 250 ml 0.5 mole NaCl 58 g NaCl dm3 1 mole NaCl Now What? need grams

  43. Preparation 250 ml 0.5 mole NaCl 58 g NaCl 1 dm3 dm3 1 mole NaCl 1000 ml need grams

  44. Preparation 250 ml 0.5 mole NaCl 58 g NaCl 1 dm3 dm3 1 mole NaCl 1000 ml 7.3 grams NaCl

  45. PracticeProblems

  46. Practice Problem 1 0.37 g CaCl2 1 mole 1000 ml 340 ml 110 g 1 dm3 0.01 M CaCl2

  47. Practice Problem 2 50 cm3 0.2 mole Al(OH)3 78 g Al(OH)3 1 dm 3 dm 3 mole 1000 cm3 0.78 g Al(OH)3

  48. HomeworkProblems

More Related