Spectacular Spain

1. Spectacular Spain

2. Table of Contents Background of Spain Granada Seville: Pamplona Madrid Soccer Bilbao Glossary

3. Where is Spain? Spain is a country in Europe. It is located on a peninsula, a piece of land surrounded by water on three sides. Spain’s neighboring countries are Portugal and France. Page 1

4. How would you get to Spain? Traveling to Spain can be a long journey. The airplane ride takes about nine and a half hours. While vacationing in Spain, most tourists travel either by plane, car, or train. The train system in Spain is called Renfe. It is much like the Amtrak in the United States. Page 2

5. What does Spain look like? Visitors to Spain can enjoy the natural beauty of the country. Most of the land is on a high plateau. Since Spain is bordered by water, beaches are one of the many attractions. Other than visiting the beach, travelers may ski on the many mountains. A plateau Page 3 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lOidDDP1uzE

6. What is life like in Spain? The people of Spain speak Spanish. Do you know any Spanish words? Siesta is a Spanish word that means a nap in the early afternoon. Most businesses in Spain close from 2 p.m. – 5 p.m. This gives people time for a long lunch or to rest. The siesta also gives many people extra energy to stay up late at night. Page 4

7. EDUCATION In Spain, students are expected to attend school from age 3 to age 16. Spanish students attend nursery school first, then pre-school, primary school, and secondary school. What does a typical school day in Spain look like? A secondary school in Malaga, Spain A normal school day lasts from 9am to 5pm. However, each student is allowed to take a three hour break called a siesta. During siesta, students are able to go home to eat lunch and take a nap. http://www.readwritethink.org/files/resources/interactives/persuasion_map/

8. In Spain, a school year begins in September and ends in June, just like in the United States. The school year is divided into three terms, or marking periods. In the United States schools usually have four marking periods. One big difference between schools in Spain and schools in the United States is that students in Spain have to buy their own textbooks! A school in Granada, Spain

9. Many of the classes that Spanish students take are very similar to classes that American students take. Both learn history, math, art, music, and a foreign language. Can anyone guess what foreign language class most Spanish students take? Miguel de Cervantes School ENGLISH!

10. What are the different food cultures in Spain? North (Seafood and Sauces) Spain is divided up into six areas. Each area has special food characteristics. The north area of Spain is known to cook with delicious seafood and sauces. The South eastern area is the land of casseroles. Famous Spanish rice dishes such as Paella are found along the east coast area. The southern area is known for their fried food. Finally, Central Spain is famous for its roast. Southeastern (Casserole) Central Spain (Roasts) East Coast (Rice) South (Fried food)

11. What’s Spain’s main cooking ingredient? Spanish food includes meals that include many ingredients. Olive oil is an ingredient that is used in almost all different types of Spanish cuisine. The ingredient Olive Oil is believed and proven to decrease the possibility of heart diseases, improving the blood circulation and digestion. This Spanish diet has improved the health of people for thousands of years.

12. Seafood Paella Valencian Paella Mixed Paella What are different types of Paella? What ingredients might be in the different types of Paella? Paella is a rice dish that originated on the east coast of Spain. Many non-Spaniards consider Paella to be the national dish. However, Spaniards consider it to be a regional east coast dish. There are many different types of Paella but three popular types are Valencian paella, seafood Paella, and mixed paella.

13. Get Ready For Some ACTION!! Spain has a coastline, mountains, and beautiful waters that surround the country. As a result of the location, the Spanish are able to enjoy many different sports and activities. What activities do you enjoy doing outside of school?

14. Spain has beautiful land and mountain ranges that have been created into walking and hiking trails. The Pyrenees Mountains are located near the coast and have an excellent view of the surrounding waters. Wow, take a look at the view!! Many different ports and harbors are found along the coast of Spain for people to explore the waters and go sailing. Spaniards enjoy water sports such as waterskiing, jet-skiing, snorkeling and banana boating. You can find some of the most beautiful underwater life here in the waters. How does Spain’s location influence the sports and activities of the native people?

15. Look…It’s snowing!! Spaniards enjoy skiing and snowboarding. In fact, Spain is the second most mountainous country in Europe! Many of the Spanish like to ski in the Pyrenees Mountains and even during summer Spaniards can ski in indoor slopes!

16. Grab your soccer cleats and let’s explore a soccer stadium in Spain! We will travel by Google Earth. Click on the Google Earth Icon on your desktop! In the search box, we will type soccer stadium-Spain. Click on the first link “Estadio de Mestalla”

17. Where is Granada? Granada is located in the southeast part of Spain. It is close to the Mediterranean Sea and at the foot of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. Three important rivers meet in Granada. Granada has a population of about 237,000 people, but this changes often because so many students come to study at the University of Granada. The climatein Granada varies greatly. The mountainous region is usually cold while the coastal areas have hot, dry weather.

18. Who are the Moors? The Moorish people were known as nomads, or people that moved from place to place. This group of Muslim people traveled all the way from Northern Africa to Spain to take over the Iberian Peninsula. Education was very important to the Moors. Everyone was educated, even the poor, in a time when 99% of Europe couldn’t read or write. Eventually the Moors were forced to either convert to Catholicism or leave Spain. The Moors introduced gunpowder to Europe, so their enemies used the gunpowder to help drive them back to Africa. The Moors influence can still be seen in the architectureof the buildings.

19. What is in Granada? The Alhambra (right), which means “red castle,” is a famous Moorish palace in Granada. It was built during the 14th century and began to deteriorate. Fortunately, in 1870, it was repaired and is now one of Spain’s most popular tourist attractions! Find the Alhambra on Google Earth and look inside! The University of Granada (left) is also located in the city. Every year, over 2,000 European students attend the school. Over 10,000 international students each year attend the university to study the Spanish culture and language. Can you think of any colleges near you?

20. Fun Facts About Granada • Granada is a very monocultural city with most people being white Catholics. What is the culture where you live? • You can go skiing and sunbathe on the same beach in the same day! • Christopher Columbus came to Granada to ask Isabel and Ferdinand for a grant to build the Niña, Pinta, and Santa Maria to sail to the Americas. Here’s a look down one of the streets in Granada. What is the same and what is different about this street compared to the streets where you live? This is the entrance to a school in Granada. How is it similar to and different from your school? Click here to complete a graphic organizer that compares and contrasts Granada, Spain to your hometown of Carlisle.

21. Seville Seville is located in the southern portion of Spain and is the fourth largest city. In the past the port of Seville played an important role in trading between Spain and the Americas . The port remains one of the most active river ports of the Iberian peninsula today. When you visit Seville, you will find yourself in the heart of bullfighting and ornate architecture.

22. The beautifully detailed architecture includes horseshoe-shaped arches, peaceful gardens and patios, carved ceilings, and has repeated geometric designs and shapes. Ceilings were decorated with elaborate carved wood and ornate tiles. The towns were built with narrow streets on hilltops to serve as protection from intruders. The narrow streets provided shade and drafts of air to keep houses cool in the summer. Houses were warmer in the winter because they conserved heat. Flat rooftops gave the people a place to sleep during hot summer nights. Let's Look At Some Architecture!

23. One of the finest and most ornate bullrings is the Maestranza in Seville. This bullring is the oldest in the world and can hold 14,000 people for a bullfight. Because of the oval shape of the bullring, you can hear everything going on around you, no matter where you are seated. This is similar to surround sound in the movie theater. TheMaestranzais the most important and popular bullring in the world and it is the goal for all matadors to perform here. This would be like a football player striving to play in the Super Bowl. La Maestranza

24. Bull fighting The tradition of bull fighting has been in existence for many years. Wall paintings showing acrobats confronting a bull have been found as far back as 2000 B.C. Bull fighting started as a sporting event for the wealthy and took place on horseback. The townspeople changed the sport by dodging the bull on foot because horses were too expensive. The bullfight begins with six bulls and three matadors, or top bullfighters. The matador and his assistants walk into the ring to the sound of a traditional march. The matadors wear an ornate costume which is a gold designed silk jacket, tight pants, and a montera, a traditional black-winged hat. This costume costs the matador several thousand dollars and he usually needs a least six costumes a year. During the bullfight, the matador’s amount of applause received from the audience depends on three things. They are how close he is to the bull’s horns, the swinging of the cape or muleta, and how calm he looks when facing the bull. This is the most skillful and beautiful part of the fight, which requires the matador to prove his courage and artistry. This is called the faena. Bulls are color blind and charge the matador’s cape because it is a large moving target, not because it is red. The matador may be awarded prizes and trophies by the president based on his skill in working with the bull.

25. Pamplona Pamplona, a city in Spain, is famous world-wide for the San Fermin Festival, also known as the “Running of the Bulls”. This is held each year from July 6th -14th. A rocket is fired at midnight from the city council’s balcony which starts the week long celebration. A daily bull run, called “Encierro” occurs at 8:00 each morning during this week. In Spanish, Encierro means the running of the bulls. Six bulls run a half mile down the streets to the bullring. People can choose to run in front of the bulls while they are running down the streets each day. This tradition was started when the bulls were driven through the streets on the way to the bullfight and the townspeople would run alongside of them. A nightly bull fight occurs each night at the bullring. Let's Watch the Bulls!

26. Let’s Go to La Maestranza! Open Google Earth Under “Fly To”, in the search bar, type La Maestranza, Seville Explore on your own! • If you have more time, check out these other ornate places! • Catedral de Sevilla • Archivo General de Indias, Sevilla • Edificio en Sevilla, España • La Giralda

27. Madrid

28. Ancient Madrid La Dama de Elche (Lady of Elx) The site where Madrid is located is old! In fact, it is even more than old, it’s ancient! All kinds of prehistoric artifacts, such as cave paintings and other artwork, pottery, votive crowns, and sculptures have been found around Madrid. Some of these artifacts date all the way back to the 5th century BC. That’s almost 2,500 years old! Visigothic Votive Crowns You can travel through time and see these amazing artifacts for yourself! Now, they can be found at the National Archaeological Museum, otherwise known as the “M.A.N.” in Madrid. Museo Arqueológico Nacional (The M.A.N.)

29. Some ancient sites in Madrid may seem a little out of place. The photo below shows part of an Egyptian temple. Why is a piece of Egypt’s ancient history located in Madrid? Well, this structure was donated to Spain. The Egyptian government gave the temple as gift to thank Spain for participating in the restoration of a prehistoric site in Egypt. Templo de Debod Now, let’s move forward in time to take a look at how Madrid looked in the Middle Ages.

30. Madridin the Middle Ages (1050-1900) Plaza Mayor was inaugurated in 1620 and is the main square of Madrid which is located right in the center of the city. Although the prices are high at the many restaurants and cafés, it is still a marvelous place to sit. The square is surrounded by three-story houses with balconies overlooking the square. There are still a fortunate few that live in the houses. Throughout the years, public executions, crowning ceremonies, bull fights, Inquisition trials and diverse fiestas have taken place in the Plaza Mayor.

31. After a fire destroyed Madrid’s first Royal Fortress, King Philips V wanted a palace to be built in its place. This time, the palace was to be built from fireproof materials such as granite and limestone. Three kings and 26 years later, the Royal Palace was finally completed in the mid 1700’s. The luxurious palace has a grand staircase, multiple dining areas, libraries, museums, and many other rooms. Today, Spain’s Kings and Queens do not live in the Royal Palace. The royal families live in a more modern palace that is much smaller. People can go into the Royal Palace for events, parties, orjust to see the luxurious rooms and decorations. Which rooms would you like to see if you were to visit the Royal Palace? Where do you think granite and limestone come from? Palacio Real (Royal Palace) The Gasparini Room Fun Facts The Royal Palace has 2,000 rooms. It took almost 100 years to decorate all of the rooms in the palace. 50 of the palace rooms are open for visitors to see.

32. The Teatro Real was officially inaugurated on the Queen’s birthday, November 19th, 1850 and is located right in front of the Royal Palace. This beautiful building has been the sight of many operas, and ballets. Classical music has also had its place at the theater. It also has a fascinating museum to experience. The Teatro Real (Royal Theater)

33. Retiro Park: Monument to King Alfonso XII Retiro Park: Gardens and Fountains Madrid’s main park, Retiro Park, is located in the center of the city. It is filled with sculptures, monuments, and a lake. Families have been visiting the area since 1868, when it was first opened to the public. Still, people enjoy taking a stroll, renting a horse-drawn carriage, and paddling rowboats in the lake.

34. Today, Madrid is the capital of Spain. With a population of 3.3 million Madrileños, Madrid is the largest city in the country. Known as “the city that never sleeps”, dinner time is around 10pm. After dinner, people like to attend bullfighting, football games, opera shows, and festivals. Let’s take a look at the mix of ancient and modern architecture in modern Madrid! Nightlife in modern Madrid Kio Towers in modern Madrid

35. Soccer: Let’s kick it! Donde esta el staduim futbol? Let’s fly to the stadium!

36. Kicking in the stadium’s history In 1902, a soccer club was created. Campo de O’Donnell stadium was founded in 1912. However, more space was needed, so the team moved to other ground. 'Estadio de Chamartin‘ stadium was inaugurated on the 17th of May 1923 with a match of Real (ray-al) Madrid against Newcastle United. This stadium hosted 22,500 spectators. RealMadrid celebrated their first Spanish league titles. A new stadium had to be built and was inaugurated on December 14, 1947. This was ‘Estadio Santiago Bernabue’ stadium as we know it today. The initial capacity was 75,300 people. In 1953 the first extension added another tier to the stadium, making it a three tiered stadium. This addition increased the stadium capacity to 120,000 people.

37. In 1982 the stadium was renovated again due to the upcoming World Cup Championships. This reduced the capacity to 90,000 people. Turn to a partner and describe 2 advantages and 1 disadvantage for the 1982 renovation. In 1992 the stadium was extended again to a capacity over 100,000 people. Not only was the interior of the stadium renovated but the exterior was as well, leaving it with the appearance that we recognize today. The new increase in capacity led to harshcompetition with rival Barcelona about which stadium could host the most spectators. The real Madrid lost the battle in the 1998/1999 because all the places used for standing had to be converted into seats according to UEFA rules. This caused the capacity to decrease to 74,300 people.

38. Where is the current World Cup being held? Go get it! In 2005 the stadium was renovated yet again. This renovation of the east stand has increased the capacity to 80,000 and has made the stadium totally covered. With the completion of this renovation the stadium has received a 5-star rating from the UEFA which has made the stadium suitable for any European Cup Final in the future. Turn to a partner and describe 3 key characteristics that you think makes this stadium the best in the world. The re-elected president of Real Madrid, Florentino Perez, has announced a proposal to construct a retractable roof on the stadium. This last redevelopment would make the Santiago Bernabeu stadium the best Stadium in the world.

39. Past The first match that was played in the new stadium was between Real (ray-al) Madrid and OS Belenenses (3-1). SabinoBarinaga scored the first goal. Campo de O’Donnell Sabino Barinaga The Spanish soccer team has taken part of 12 FIFA World Cup Soccer Finals. They have not missed a World Cup since 1974 in Germany. Their team name is La Roja and their best finish was in 1950 at Brazil. Goooooaaaalllll!!!! Let’s the watch the team play! http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/highlights/video/video=1247256/index.html Present

40. Go to fifa.com and find 5 interesting facts about Spain’s soccer team. Complete your soccer graphic organizer. What do you think? 3 Adjectives you would feel 2 Things would see 1 Thing you would not like "We've got good players and a well-oiled team, but there are some very strong sides out there. Our aim is to challenge for the next World Cup but we know how difficult it is. We're not the favorites but we are among the hopefuls." Vicente del Bosque, Spain coach.

41. Another interesting city, located north of Madrid, is Bilbao. Bilbao is famous for the Guggenheim Art Museum. Would you consider Bilbao a coastal city? Why or why not?

42. The Guggenheim Art Museum is famous for modernart. Which pieces of artwork do you think would belong in this museum? Let’s take a tour of this famous museum! 

43. Millions of people come to this museum to see pieces of art. Most types of art in this museum include paintings, sculptures, and electronic art. Exhibitions in the Guggenheim Art Museum change often. There is a permanent display of modern art. The building was made to look like a ship and shine like the scales on fish. Four other Guggenheim Art Museums exist around the world. Artwork is very popular in Spain. There are over 40 museums located throughout the country.

44. Another celebrated art of Spain is Flamenco Dancing.Flamenco dancing is very popular in Spain and the dancers are just like celebrities! Both men and women can be Flamenco dancers. In Spain, a Flamenco dancer is called a bailaora. Singers are an important part of Flamenco dancing as well. In Spain, a male singer is known as a cantaor and a female singer is called a cantaora.

45. Another important part of Flamenco dancing is the thumping guitar rhythm, tapping feet, clapping hands and the clinking of castanets. Let’s take a look at an example of Flamenco Dancing. If you were a Flamenco dancer, what do you think would be most difficult? Using the graphic organizer, complete the following: 3 – Words to describe the Guggenheim Art Museum 2 – Words to describe Flamenco Dancing 1 - Reason you would want to visit the Guggenheim or watch a Flamenco dance

46. Glossary architecture(n.) – the style of a building artifact (n.) - a usually simple object showing human work (tool, ornament, etc.) and representing a culture or the history of a culture castanets – (n.) two small shells clicked together using the fingers to make a sound climate (n.) – main weather conditions of a region, such as temperature and precipitation country (n.)- a nation under one government exhibition – (n.) items displayed in public Florentino Perez (n.) – President of Real Madrid. geometric(adj.)- art that uses simple shapes such as straight lines, circles, squares, and triangles La Roja (n.) – Spanish National Soccer Team. luxurious (adj.) - something desirable but costly or hard to get; adding to pleasure or comfort but not absolutely necessary Madrileños (n.) – people who live in Madrid matador(n.)-a bullfighter who has the main role in a bullfight modern - (adj.) in the present or recent times using current or new ideas Inauguarated (v.) – to celebrate the opening of Inquisition (n.) – an investigation conducted with little concern for individual rights ornate(adj.)-something that is detailed and elaborately decorated plateau (n.) – a flat highland Real Madrid (n.) – Soccer Team from Madrid Renovated (v.) – to restore to good condition; make new or as if new again. restoration (v.) - the act of bringing back into an earlier or original state; synonym: renovate sculpture – (n.) a 3-D work of art stadium (n.) – a sports arena, usually oval or horseshoe-shaped, with tiers of seating for spectators. Examples include: Campo de O’Donnell, Estadio de Chamartin, Estadio Santiago Bernabue votive (n.) - a candle lit in devotion or gratitude