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The Human Respiratory System

The Human Respiratory System. Respiratory System. Respiratory Structures. Diaphragm Contraction = inhalation Relaxation = exhalation Pharynx Common nasal/oral passageway Larynx “ Voicebox ” containing vocal cords Trachea “Windpipe” leading to lungs Bronchi/bronchioles

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The Human Respiratory System

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  1. TheHuman Respiratory System

  2. Respiratory System

  3. Respiratory Structures • Diaphragm • Contraction = inhalation • Relaxation = exhalation • Pharynx • Common nasal/oral passageway • Larynx • “Voicebox” containing vocal cords • Trachea • “Windpipe” leading to lungs • Bronchi/bronchioles • Tubes that enter each lung • Alveoli • (1) Millions of capillary‑surrounded sacs where oxygen transfer takes place

  4. Alveolus

  5. Oxygen Transport • Hemoglobin • Protein found in red blood cells • Iron in hemoglobin is capable of weakly binding oxygen • Oxyhemoglobin • Hemoglobin with oxygen bound to it • Oxygen is given up when oxygen concentration around cells gets low

  6. Carbon Dioxide Transport • Transport • 10% is dissolved CO2 in the plasma • 90% is carried as bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) in the plasma • Elimination • In lungs, bicarbonate is converted back to CO2 • CO2 diffuses into alveoli and is eliminated

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