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Lesson 3: European Explorers

Lesson 3: European Explorers. September 17 th , 2012. The Vikings. Skilled sailors from Scandinavia Sailed in sleek wooden sail boats powered by oars They sailed as far east as Asia, as far south as Africa and as far west as North America. Eric the Red. Eric the Red. Early Viking explorer

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Lesson 3: European Explorers

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  1. Lesson 3: European Explorers September 17th, 2012

  2. The Vikings • Skilled sailors from Scandinavia • Sailed in sleek wooden sail boats powered by oars • They sailed as far east as Asia, as far south as Africa and as far west as North America

  3. Eric the Red

  4. Eric the Red • Early Viking explorer • Sailed west to Iceland • He was eventually thrown out of Iceland • He sailed further west • Eric landed in a place he called Greenland • The land was very cold, despite the name • Why do you think he called it Greenland?

  5. Leif Ericsson

  6. Leif Ericsson • Heard about a land even further west • He sailed to find it in 1000 A.D. • Eventually landed in North America • Ericsson and his crew were probably the first Europeans to set foot on North America

  7. Vinland • Ericsson and his crew landed on Newfoundland • His crew found grapes growing there, so they called it Vinland or “Land of Wine” • Vikings eventually settled in Vinland • Until 1015, when conflicts with American Indians sent them back home

  8. Viking Sagas • How do you think we know so much about Vikings if they had no written language?

  9. Recap • Who were the two explorers we discussed? • Where were they from?

  10. The Renaissance • A new age that began in Italy about 1350 • Renaissance means rebirth • How do you think it was a rebirth? • Cities like Venice became centers of trade • What do you think happened for Italy as a result of increased trade?

  11. The Renaissance Spreads • The Renaissance spread to other parts of Europe • This was thanks in part to the invention of the printing press by Johann Gutenberg • What was the printing press? • How did it help the spread of Renaissance ideas?

  12. The Printing Press

  13. Other Advances • Improved ship design and ship building • Europeans adopted improvements from other cultures, such as the magnetic compass (Chinese) and the astrolabe (Muslims) • Ships were safer and faster • How would this affect travel?

  14. Recap • What this period of rebirth known as? • What helped it to spread?

  15. The Portuguese Explore the African Coast • Europeans needed to find a better route to Asia • The Silk Road was long and dangerous • It was often controlled by merchants who charged a high price for trade • Europeans began looking for new trade routes • What alternatives do you think they could have used?

  16. Portugal • The Portuguese took the lead in finding sea routes

  17. Prince Henry the Navigator

  18. Portugal Explores the World • Prince Henry encouraged exploration • He gathered the best in many fields to improve navigation • Henry sent Portuguese ships south along the Atlantic coast of Africa • Explorers continued travelling farther and farther on each voyage • They mapped the African shore and collected African gold

  19. The Slave Trade • The buying and selling of human beings • Turn to p. 113 and we will read about the slave trade

  20. Recap • What country took the lead in exploration in the 1400’s?

  21. A Sea Route to India • Portuguese exploration continued after Prince Henry died (1460) • This exploration was led by Bartolomeu Dias

  22. Bartolomeu Dias

  23. Dias Goes Exploring • Dias and his 3 ships nearly reached Africa’s southern tip • They were caught in violent storms and blown around the southern tip of Africa • They reached the Indian Ocean • What do you think happened next?

  24. The Cape of Good Hope • Dias went back to Portugal and reported he found the tip of Africa, which he called the “Cape of Storms” • The king of Portugal renamed it the “Cape of Good Hope” • Why is this a better name?

  25. Recap • What land did Dias discover in Africa? • What did he call it? • What was it eventually named?

  26. Vasco Da Gama

  27. Da Gama’s Mission • Vasco Da Gama and his four ships left to sail around the Cape of Good Hope • They sailed east across the Indian Ocean and reached India in 1498 • Portuguese merchants eventually settled in Calicut, India • They bought spices at low prices and shipped them back to Europe

  28. Recap • Where did Da Gama and his crew eventually land?

  29. Exploration Continues • Turn to p. 115

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