Indian Removal

1. Indian Removal • Thomas Jefferson encouraged Native Americans to transition to an agricultural lifestyle similar to Southern whites to eventually assimilate into American society. • Task: • (Right Side, ISN) Examine the documents for signs that the Cherokee Nation adopted economic, social, and political practices similar to U.S. citizens and write a short response in your ISN. • (Left Side, ISN) Evaluate Jackson’s decision to support Indian Removal despite the Cherokees’ efforts. (Use specific examples)

2. THE RISE OF MASS DEMOCRACY 1824-1840

3. THE ELECTION OF 1824 • No candidate received a majority vote in the electoral college! • Election decided by the House of Representatives. • The “Corrupt Bargain” • John Q. Adams’s weaknesses: 1. only 1/3 voted for him, 2. perceived as sarcastic and tactless, 3. and his deep nationalistic views were considered outdated

4. Results of the 1824 Election

5. ELECTION OF 1828 This election was characterized by: 1. new lows of mudslinging, 2. unusually high voter turnout, ANDREW JACKSON WINS and we have our 1ST “PEOPLE’S PRESIDENT”

6. 1828 Election Results

7. Tariff Controversy of 1828 • “Tariff of Abominations” passed to protect manufacturing but was deeply hated by the South as it drove up prices and represented the growing power of the federal government. • South Carolina angered and threatens secession. Creates a face-off between Jackson and SC. • Henry Clay of Kentucky stepped forward to defuse this controversy in 1828. The tariff would gradually be reduced by about 10% over eight years.

8. Trail of Tears

9. TRAIL OF TEARS • The Cherokees of Georgia made strong efforts to assimilate and learn the ways of the white people: • Despite these efforts, Cherokees along with Seminoles, Creeks, and others were forced into reservations west of the Mississippi with the passage of the Indian Removal Act of 1830. • Along the way, they were faced with starvation, poor treatment, and inclement weather.

12. BANK WAR • Jackson hated the Bank of the United States and feared that Nicholas Biddle would force its re-charter and continue to hurt the nation… • Bank- • controlled by elite aristocrats, • #1 priority was to make $$$$$, • autocratic and tyrannical, • the Bank was anti-western. • Jackson vetoed the charter. • The death of the Bank left a financial vacuum within the country.

13. Maysville Road Veto • The Maysville Road bill provided for the federal government to buy stock in a private company to fund a 60-mile road connecting the towns of Maysville and Lexington, an extension of the Cumberland and National Roads. • Jackson vetoed the bill, arguing that federal subsidies for internal improvements that were located wholly within a single state were unconstitutional. • Following this veto were other vetoes of public works projects, including roads and canals. • Dealt a blow to Clay’s American System.

14. Martin Van Buren • The “Little Magician” rides the coattails and wins the 1836 election • Van Buren’s administration troubled: 1. lack of personal popularity, 2. a serious economic depression 3. anti-slavery agitators against the annexation of Texas… Texans won independence over Mexico at the Battle of San Jacinto, 1836.