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Indian Removal Act

Indian Removal Act. Who is Andrew Jackson?. Nationalism Vs. Sectionalism. Getting closer to N and S Separating… Nationalism - The belief that national interests should be placed ahead of regional concerns. Sectionalism means…. WHAT THEN?

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Indian Removal Act

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  1. Indian Removal Act Who is Andrew Jackson?

  2. Nationalism Vs. Sectionalism • Getting closer to N and S Separating… • Nationalism- The belief that national interests should be placed ahead of regional concerns. • Sectionalism means…. WHAT THEN? • Placing the interests of ones own region ahead of the interests of the nation as a whole. • HOW IS THIS SEEN AS A PROBLEM?

  3. Westward Expansion:Under JQA and Monroe • Setting the US Boundary/ establishing Security: • Adams-Onis Treaty: Spain gives up Florida and claims to Oregon Territory • Monroe Doctrine: Warning for all to stay out of the Western Hemisphere (establishing new or overthrow) • In addition- US will not involve itself in European Affairs. • ***Violation would be seen as “DANGEROUS TO OUR PEACE AND SAFTY”****

  4. Missouri Compromise • Why move west? • Escape debts, Find Money, Cheap Land! • Moving west: Missouri wants to be a State! • Background: 1818- 10 Free States… 10 Slave States • Missouri- 11th Slave State? (Illinois-Alabama) • But EVENTUALLY must be free! • South- North is Ruining Slavery! • North- South is trying to get Slavery in new States! • Maine : Free- Missouri : Slave • BUT: 36 31’ north latitude… No Slavery Above it from now on! For now…

  5. Who is Andrew Jackson? • War of 1812 Hero- Battle of New Orleans • He destroyed the Native American forces in the South – helped win the war for USA! • Defeats JQA to be the 7th President • Didn’t go to College!?!? Worked as a Soldier, in Law, Land appraisal and Farmer, Politics… Commonly said he: Had a Bad temper (Cabinets Wife) Fought for the Common Man Was a “Self-Made Man” (Orphan)

  6. A Spoils System of Government • “Jacksonians” – People who support A.J. • There are a lot of them!!! • After elected Jackson practiced the “Spoils System” • Def.: The Practice of winning candidates’ rewarding their supporters with government Jobs. • Jackson Fires 10% of Federal Employees and fills the spot with a Jackson supporter! IS THIS A GOOD or a BAD IDEA?

  7. What does the US think about the Native Americans? • 2 Ways of Thinking: 1) Displacement and Disposition • What does this MEAN? 2) Assimilation • What does this MEAN? • Predict! Which do you think, knowing what you know about Jackson, would he pick?

  8. Indian Assimilation Option 2: Convert the Native Americans to Christianity, turn them into Farmers and absorb “White Culture”

  9. Indian Removal Act • Jackson thinks Assimilation CANNOT work • Only Solution was to move Tribes Further West • Act Passed in 1930 • Def. Law that forced Native Americans east of the Mississippi to move to lands further west negotiated by Government Treaties. • “5 Civilized Tribes” of the Southwest: • Cherokee, Choctaw, Seminole, Creek and Chicksaw • They began to Assimilate! • Map Highlighted on pg 227 • Indian Removal Act • Jackson begins to move by FORCE!

  10. Cherokees Fight Back! • Try to “Fight” by using the Legal System! • They Take The State of Georgia to Court— all the way to the Supreme Court! • And they WIN!! • Jackson says… “let him enforce it…” • Treaty of Echota- Gave the Last 8 million acres of Cherokee land to the Government in exchange for $5 Million and Land West of the Mississippi. • -This Marks the Beginning of the Mass Exodus

  11. Trail of Tears • October 1838-Cherokees are sent off in groups of 1,000 each. • 800 mile Trip, mostly on foot –Mistreated • Terrible winter storms kill many • ¼ of their people died on the route • Watch it…

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