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Cellular Respiration

Cellular Respiration. NRG from Food. Cellular Respiration. The breakdown of food to release stored chemical energy and thus make ATP for use in the cell. Formulas to know and love. Where? When? Who?. mitochondria of eukaryotic cells

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Cellular Respiration

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  1. Cellular Respiration NRG from Food

  2. Cellular Respiration • The breakdown of food to release stored chemical energy and thus make ATP for use in the cell

  3. Formulas to know and love

  4. Where? When? Who? • mitochondria of eukaryotic cells • As long as food is available and an organism requires energy • ALLliving things – plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, protists

  5. Cellular Respiration • Follows these 3 easy steps…that follow either one of two pathways…

  6. 1st step of Respiration • Glycolysis • Occurs in cytoplasm (w/wo Oxygen) • Break glucose into 2 pieces of pyruvic acid (pyruvate) • Protons (H+) stripped (and e-) & “loaded” onto NAD

  7. NO “O” Anaerobic respiration or Fermentation Oxygen available Oxidative metabolism Kreb’s cycle/citric acid cycle ETC (electron transport chain) Oxygen availability determines next step

  8. Anaerobic Fermentation • When oxygen is low or unavailable • Occurs in cytoplasm • NO NRG made • Only purpose is to regenerates NAD needed for glycolysis • Byproducts depend on organism • Alcohol, propionic acid, lactic acid

  9. Aerobic Respiration • Two steps • Kreb’s cycle • The complete breakdown of glucose • Harvesting of H+ and e- (potential energy) • Makes a little bit of ATP • Electron Transport Chain • Where most ATP is made in chemiosmosis

  10. Kreb’s Cycle • Mitochondrial matrix • Pyruvate further ripped apart: release of CO2 • Acetyl-CoA enters Kreb’s cycle • Hooks up with a starting molecule (oxaloacetate) to make a 6C sugar

  11. Complete breakdown of glucose • harvest protons (H+) and electrons (e-) • NAD and FAD “wagons” pick up the H+/e- • Beginning molecule (Oxaloacetate) is regenerated for cycle

  12. ETC – Electron Transport Chain • Occurs on cristae of mitochondria • Passing of H+/e- sets up concentration gradient of protons • ATP made by chemiosmosis • MOST energy of respiration is made here • Final electron acceptor – oxygen • H+/e- plus O2 equals H2O

  13. Anaerobic No O Starts with glycolysis Only makes 2 ATP Waste products of lactic acid, alcohol or propionic acid & CO2 Aerobic Oxygen available Starts with glycolysis 2 further steps Generates 34-36 ATP CO2 is waste product Comparison of respiration

  14. It takes energy to make energy… • Flow of energy in universe is constantly cycled • Stored in chemical bonds • Released from chemical bonds

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