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ECOLOGY

ECOLOGY. LG’s: Explain and illustrate relationships between food webs and ecological pyramids, showing energy flow ID 1°, 2°, 3°, 4° consumers and producers in food chains and webs Compare and Contrast Producer and Consumer . Pakistan. Australia.

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ECOLOGY

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  1. ECOLOGY LG’s: Explain and illustrate relationships between food webs and ecological pyramids, showing energy flow ID 1°, 2°, 3°, 4° consumers and producers in food chains and webs Compare and Contrast Producer and Consumer

  2. Pakistan

  3. Australia

  4. Abiotic– non-livingelements in an ecosystem • Air, water, temperature • Biotic– living elements in an ecosystem • Plants, animals, bacteria

  5. PRODUCERS use sunlight/chemicals to make own food/energy AKA: Autotroph CONSUMERS use other organisms for food/energy AKA: Heterotroph COMPARE and CONTRAST

  6. TYPES OF PRODUCERS • Photosynthesis —use sunlight to make carbohydrates (sugars) • Chemosynthesis —use chemicals to make carbohydrates (sugars)

  7. TYPES OF CONSUMERS • HERBIVORES: • energy from only plants • i.e. cows and deer • CARNIVORES: • energy from only animals • i.e. tigers and snakes • OMNIVORES: • energy from both plants and animals • i.e. humans and bears

  8. TYPES OF CONSUMERS • DETRITIVORES: energy from remains of plants and animals • Scavengers • i.e. mites and crabs, • Racoons, vultures, hyenas • DECOMPOSERS: breakdown what the detritivores leave • Fungi(mushrooms), • Bacteria

  9. TROPHIC LEVELS • Energy levels in a food chain or food web • Producers = always first trophic level • Consumers = make up the second, third, etc. trophic levels • Decomposers= feed on every level Grass → Caterpillar → Hawk → Wolf **Arrows represent the energy flow from one organism to the next Producer Primary Consumer Secondary Consumer Tertiary Consumer

  10. FOOD CHAIN • Energy transfer from one organism to another in a series of steps • EXAMPLE: Grass → Caterpillar → Hawk → Wolf • Remember: decomposers feed on every level! Producer Primary Consumer Secondary Consumer Tertiary Consumer

  11. Shows a complex feeding relationship among different animals in an area. Where are the trophic levels in this figure? Flow of Energy Video Clip FOOD WEBS

  12. 30 Arrows show energy flow! 20 10

  13. ENERGY PYRAMIDS • Show relative mass, energy, numbers of organisms in each trophic level • Producers are always on the bottom and the most abundant. • Less energy available to the organisms as you go up each trophic level.

  14. ENERGY PYRAMID • ENERGY PYRAMID • Shows the relative amount of energy available in each trophic level

  15. Carnivores and Omnivores Herbivores Producers

  16. Organisms use about 10% of energy from each trophic level • The rest is lost as heat 0.1 1 10 100

  17. Why are there fewer top level consumers than primary consumers on the ecological pyramids? • Examining the pictures and information you have been given, explain your answer.

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