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AULAS 7 e 8 - PASSIVE VOICE

AULAS 7 e 8 - PASSIVE VOICE. PASSIVE VOICE A) Use of Passive Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action . It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action. Example: My bike was stolen.

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AULAS 7 e 8 - PASSIVE VOICE

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  1. AULAS 7 e 8 - PASSIVE VOICE

  2. PASSIVE VOICE A) Use of Passive Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action. Example: My bike was stolen. In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my bike was stolen. I do not know, however, who did it.

  3. Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite than active voice, as the following example shows: Example: A mistake was made. In this case, I focus on the fact that a mistake was made, but I do not blame anyone (e.g. You have made a mistake.).

  4. B) Form of Passive • Subject + to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular verbs) • Example: A letter was written. • When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following: • object of the "active" sentence becomes subject in the "passive" sentence. • subject of the "active" sentence becomes "object" in the "passive" sentence" (or is left out)

  5. EXAMPLES

  6. SIMPLE PRESENT

  7. SIMPLE PAST

  8. PRESENT PERFECT

  9. SIMPLE FUTURE

  10. MODAL VERBS

  11. C) Active sentences with two objects in passive When there are two objects in an active sentence, there are two possible active sentences and two possible passive sentences. possibility 1: The professor explained the students the exercise.possibility 2: The professor explained the exercise to the students. There are two objects in each of the following sentences:object 1 = indirect object: the studentsobject 2 = direct object: the exercise An indirect object is very often a person, a direct object a thing. When a direct object is followed by an indirect one, we put to in front of the indirect object.

  12. Each of the objects (direct and indirect) can be the subject in the passive sentence.

  13. D) Verbs with prepositions in passive When we put an active sentence, where a preposition follows after the verb (e.g. break into, look after), into passive - the preposition remains immediately after the verb.

  14. E) Personal and Impersonal Passive Personal Passive simply means that the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence. So every verb that needs an object (transitive verb) can form a personal passive.

  15. Verbs without an object (intransitive verb) normally cannot form a personal passive sentence (as there is no object that can become the subject of the passive sentence). If you want to use an intransitive verb in passive voice, you need an impersonal construction – therefore this passive is called Impersonal Passive. Example: he says – it is said

  16. Impersonal Passive is not as common in English as in some other languages like German. In English, Impersonal Passive is only possible with verbs of perception (e. g. say, think, know). Example: They say that women live longer than men. It is said that women live longer than men. Although Impersonal Passive is possible here, Personal Passive is more common. Example: They say that women live longer than men. Women are said to live longer than men.

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