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The Persians: Legacy of Ancient Iran | Journal

Explore the rise and reign of the Persians in ancient Iran, their patriarchal society, conquests, decentralized governance, influential women, and the impact of Zoroastrianism on religion. Discover the rich history of the Persian Empire from 1000-500 B.C.E.

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The Persians: Legacy of Ancient Iran | Journal

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  1. Journal 7 • Explain the focus of the Phoenicians. • What role did Carthage play in this?

  2. Greek and Phoenician Colonies and Trade

  3. Major Themes of Early Civilizations: • Irrigation for agriculture • powerful kings • hereditary priesthoods • dependent laborers • limited availability of metals • restricted literacy • 1000 B.C.E. – 600 C.E. Civilizations: • land watered by rain • worked by a free peasantry • rulers of empires wanted to control and tax subjects • networks of roads/urbanization • rapid communication • transport trade goods greater distances • share ideas, artistic styles, technologies • comfortable middle class • iron weapons • metal coinage • increase in writing and literacy

  4. Chapter 4 Persians

  5. Ancient Iran, 1000-500 B.C.E. • “Land of the Aryans” • Little Persian written material = history from Greek perspective • Greeks hostile, unaware of developments in central and eastern part of Persian Empire

  6. Medes • Helped destroy Assyrian Empire in late 7th century B.C.E. • Persians married into Median court and Persian Cyrus overthrew Median monarch 550 B.C.E. • Placed both Medes and Persians in positions of responsibility and retained the framework of Median rule = acceptance of Persian rule

  7. Persians • Patriarchal family; society with three classes: warriors, priests, and peasants • Conquered: all of Anatolia, Mesopotamia under Neo-Babylonian rule, and Egypt Remnants of the Persian Empire capital Persepolis in Iran

  8. Persian Empire

  9. Persians • Darius I –largest empire yet = Indus Valley and Europe • Divided empire into provinces with satrap (governor rule); decentralized power • Each satrap had to collect and send tribute to the king = economic decline in provinces • Body of “laws of the King” and system of royal judges

  10. Persians • Elite women were politically influential, possessed property, traveled, and were present on public occasions • Xerxes wife, Esther in Hebrew Bible who saved Jewish people from a massacre • Capital at Persepolis (Parsa)

  11. Religion – Zoroastrianism • Ahuramazda gave the king a mandate to bring order to a world in turmoil • One supreme deity, held humans to high ethical standard, and promised salvation • May have influenced Judaism = influencing Christianity

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