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Feedback. Feedback is the information received during or after a movement. Feedback plays a vital role in correcting errors and improving performance. Different types of feedback. Knowledge of results: Concerns the outcome of performance. It is results based – Successful or not.
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Feedback is the information received during or after a movement. • Feedback plays a vital role in correcting errors and improving performance.
Different types of feedback. • Knowledge of results: • Concerns the outcome of performance. • It is results based – Successful or not. • Can be positive or negative. • Important for cognitive learners.
2. Knowledge of performance. • Concerns the quality of the performance. • Technique based. • Intrinsic/ Extrinsic • Autonomous stage of learning.
3. Internal feedback. • Comes from within ones self • Concerns the feel of the movement. • Begins to develop in the associative stage of learning.
4. External feedback. • Comes from an external source. • Received via the sight or hearing. • Mainly used for cognitive learners.
5. Positive feedback. • Received when the movement is correct to reinforce. • Intrinsic/ Extrinsic • Essential for cognitive learners.
6. Negative feedback. • Received when the movement is incorrect. • Can be intrinsic/ Extrinsic • Reduces the chance of bad habits. • Used for Autonomous learners.
7. Concurrent feedback. • Received during the performance. • Intrinsic/ Extrinsic • Performers need high levels of attention to be able to attend to what is being said.
8. Terminal feedback. • Received after the performance – Straight after the movement is finished.
9. Delayed feedback. • Received sometime after the movement has been complete.
Factors that make feedback effective. • Accurate – specific to the activity. • The stage of learning the performer is at. • The purpose of the feedback – Relevant. • Allow time to digest. • Ideally immediate.
Question 7 • You have been asked to help with the fitness training and coaching of a group of performers within an AS level Physical Education class. • Describe the various ways that flexibility can be improved and, using examples, explain the benefits to the performer of improved flexibility. • In addition, what are the different forms of feedback available to a performer and, using examples, explain how these different forms of feedback may help a performer improve?
Mark Scheme Types of feedback, addressing points such as: - Intrinsic/kinaesthetic – from within/proprioception - Extrinsic – augmented – from outside/coach/crowd - Concurrent/continuous – during skill performance - Terminal – following skill performance - Positive – praise and acknowledgement of a correct or successful action - Negative – external information about how a movement was incorrect or could have been better, critical comments - Immediate – feedback given straight after performance - Delayed – feedback that is given some time after the event - Knowledge of result (KR) – feedback in the form of information about how successful the movement was in accomplishing the task/feedback about the outcome/result - Knowledge of performance (KP) – information was given as feedback as to how well the movement was performed, regardless of the end result Explanation of how feedback may help a performer to improve: - Feedback motivates/suitable example - Feedback develops confidence - Feedback reinforces action/suitable example - Feedback corrects action/detects errors/suitable example