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Toward Civilization

Toward Civilization. Prehistory - 3500 B.C. Understanding Our Past. What methods do scientists use to find out about early peoples? How do historians reconstruct the past? How are geography and history linked?.

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Toward Civilization

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  1. Toward Civilization Prehistory - 3500 B.C.

  2. Understanding Our Past • What methods do scientists use to find out about early peoples? • How do historians reconstruct the past? • How are geography and history linked?

  3. Interpretations of history are subject to change as new information is uncovered.

  4. How do we know about prehistory? • Prehistoric humans could not write. • Prehistory refers to the time before writing was invented (writing was invented about 3,500 B.C.E.). • There were no cities, governments, or complex inventions. • Who analyzes prehistoric evidence?

  5. The “Team” • Archaeologists • Botanists • Chemists • Geologists • Biologists • Paleoanthropologists

  6. Archaeologists • find artifacts (things) including man-made tools, weapons, and pottery.

  7. Botanists • work with plants • study fossilized pollen, seeds, and animal bones to determine diet.

  8. Chemists • determine the ages of plants, animals, rocks, and fossils.

  9. Geologists • study the history of the earth and its life, especially as recorded in rocks. • examen fossils - plants and animals preserved in rocks.

  10. Biologists • study life. • study human bones. • study bloodstains on tools/weapons. • study fossils and sometimes geographic evidence of prehistoric life (paleontology - a branch of biology).

  11. Paleoanthropologists • examine, analyze, report on, and compare different cultures and how they grow, develop, and interact • study the origins and developments of people and their societies

  12. Laetoli Footprints • Who left the prints? • How were they preserved? • How old are they? http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/archaeology/sites/africa/laetoli.html http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/07/1/l_071_03.html

  13. http://www.smm.org/catal/introduction/ Çatalhöyük • What does the wall painting tell us? • What did the people eat? • What was the purplish dust found at the site? http://www.catalhoyuk.com/

  14. Tyrolean Iceman • How did he die? • How old is he? • What did he eat? http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/icemummies/iceman.html • What were his weapons?

  15. Details about the past vary depending on the opinion of the historian. A history told from just one point of view would be opinionated, limited in details, and possibly from a biased perspective.

  16. Historians • Recorded history began about 5,000 years ago (in different parts of the world). • Historians rely on written evidence to determine how people lived in the past. • Historians also study artifacts such as clothing, coins, art, weapons, etc.. • A historian is a detective. • Remember the lunchroom - a history told from just ONE historian is not enough!

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