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Church Power in the Middle Ages

Church Power in the Middle Ages. World History - Libertyville HS. Church Hierarchy. Church Authority. Struggle for authority with noblemen God created two swords, the pope and the king Reality: Pope, kings conflicted over POWER (land). “Age of Faith”.

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Church Power in the Middle Ages

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  1. Church Power in the Middle Ages World History - Libertyville HS

  2. Church Hierarchy

  3. Church Authority • Struggle for authority with noblemen • God created two swords, the pope and the king • Reality: Pope, kings conflicted over POWER (land)

  4. “Age of Faith” • Church is supreme authority in all matters religious • ALL could achieve salvation • Sacraments • Ways that the church inserted itself into day to day events of life

  5. Sacraments • Baptism (birth of child) • Confirmation (becoming adult in church’s eyes) • Holy Orders (becoming a priest) • Marriage vows (church affirmed marriage) • Last rites (final blessing in life)

  6. “Age of Faith” • Village church was center of community life • Not just for Sundays • Only stone building (fire safety)

  7. Church Justice • Canon Law • Legal system governing sacred matters (noble vs. church = hear in church crt) • Judges, etc all priests • Excommunication • Officially kick someone out of church • Pope used it to assert authority over kings, nobles • King / noble denied salvation AND ability to hold onto lands

  8. Church Justice • Interdiction • Sacraments denied for lord and the people • Major punishment • People who died under interdiction didn’t go to heaven!

  9. Holy Roman Empire • What was it? • Creation of the church • Powerful symbol linking past to present • Reflection of the power of the Catholic church because the Pope crowned a king, emperor • First HRE = Carolingian dynasty • Frankish settlers from Rhine River Valley

  10. Holy Roman Empire • Important Kings of Carolingian Dynasty • Clovis (r/ 486-511 AD) was the founder of the dynasty • Charles “The Hammer” Martel (r. 719-741) • Great military leader who defeated Muslims at Tours in 732 AD • Pioneered use of heavy cavalry in Europe (the classic Knight)

  11. Holy Roman Empire • First HRE: Charlemagne (r. 768-814) • 6’4 when rest of Europe averaged 5’8 (diet) • Great conqueror of Europe • Controlled 2/3 of Italy, all of France, some of Spain, all of Germany • Financial basis of Charlemagne’s empire was trade • Franks, Muslims • Ironic, since Franks, Muslims fought each other

  12. Holy Roman Empire • Charlemagne crowned Emperor by Pope on Christmas Day, 800 • Attempted to protect weak from the strong • Required bishops to educate everyone with promise • Sponsored the arts, literature • When he died, his empire was quickly dismantled • HRE title lay unclaimed for 40 years

  13. HRE moves East • Otto the Great (r. 936-973) crowned king of Germany, 936 • Limited the powers of his nobles • Invaded Italy for Pope • Rewarded with HRE title in 962 • Otto demanded right of “investiture • Power to appoint clergy • Put clergy under control of Emperor! • Strengthened power of Emperor • Power to designate emperor passed from Pope to Electors (nobles of Germany)

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