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33) Fabaceae (Leguminosae). 29) Oxalidaceae. 30) Euphorbiaceae. 31) Violaceae. 32) Salicaceae. 34) Rosaceae. 35) Ulmaceae. 36) Cucurbitaceae. 37) Fagaceae. 38) Betulaceae. Eurosids I. 34) Rosaceae. Rose Family
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33) Fabaceae (Leguminosae) 29) Oxalidaceae 30) Euphorbiaceae 31) Violaceae 32) Salicaceae 34) Rosaceae 35) Ulmaceae 36) Cucurbitaceae 37) Fagaceae 38) Betulaceae Eurosids I
34) Rosaceae • Rose Family • Herbs, shrubs and trees; plants sometimes armed with prickles, spines, or thorns • Leaves alternate, simple to compound, with stipules • Flowers usually showy and actinomorphic; hypogynous, perigynous or epigynous • Hypanthium (floral disk) often present, sometimes forming a floral cup in a perigynous flower; fleshy • Sepals 5, petals 5; stamens numerous; carpels 1 to many, free or fused; ovary superior or inferior • Fruit various – follicle, achene, pome, or drupe; single or aggregate
ExamplesRosaceae • Prunus (cherry, plum) • Malus (apple, pear) • Fragaria (strawberry) • Potentilla (cinquefoil) • Rubus (raspberry) • Rosa (rose) • Sorbus (mountain ash) • Geum (avens – shown here)
Malus – apple. The flower is epigynous with an inferior ovary. The fruit is a pome and the fleshy tissue is accessory tissue surrounding the “core.”
Fragaria virginiana Fragaria X ananassa fruit The fruits are the achenes on the surface of the fleshy receptacle.
Rosa rugosaFlowers perigynous, fruits are achenes in hypanthium “hip”
35) Ulmaceae • Elm Family • Trees, rarely shrubs; Plagiotropic stems, later orthotropic • Leaves simple, margins serrate; blade with asymmetrical base; stipules present • Flowers perfect or imperfect (monoecious or dioecious) • Tepals 4-9, separate to fused • Stamens 4-9, opposite the tepals • Fruit a two winged samara (Ulmus) or a hard drupe (Celtis) • [Celtis is now segregated in the Celtidaceae; Ulmaceae is paraphyletic if Celtis is included]
ExamplesUlmaceae • Ulmus(elm) • Ulmus americana • Ulmus rubra • Ulmus alatus • Celtis (sugarberry) • Celtis occidentalis
Ulmus americana The shape of the tree results from branches growing horizontally (plagiotropic) at first, later pulling into a vertical (orthotropic) orientation as tension wood is produced on the upper side of the branch.
36) Cucurbitaceae • Cucurbit Family • Coarse, tendril-bearing vines; tendrils borne laterally at nodes, possibly modified shoots • Epidermis with prickles • Leaves alternate, simple, often palmately lobed, serrate, teeth cucurbitoid; stipules absent • Flowers usually yellow, imperfect; ovary inferior; • Petals 5, connate (fused), bell-shaped • Stamens 3-5, fused to each other and to the hypanthium • Fruit a berry or pepo (leathery or hard rind)
ExamplesCucubitaceae • Cucumis sativus (cucumber) • Cucurbita pepo (pumpkin) • Echinocystis spp. (wild spiny cucumber) • Citrullus lanatus(watermelon)
