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REGIONAL DIVERSIFICATION OF AGRICULTURE IN POLAND

REGIONAL DIVERSIFICATION OF AGRICULTURE IN POLAND. d r hab. Adam Sadowski, prof. UwB. Results of the  presentation  are based on the research tasks of the Jean Monnet Networks project No. 564651-EPP-1-2015-1-SK- EPPJMO-NETWORK “ Sustainable Land Management Network“.

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REGIONAL DIVERSIFICATION OF AGRICULTURE IN POLAND

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  1. REGIONAL DIVERSIFICATION OF AGRICULTURE IN POLAND dr hab. Adam Sadowski, prof. UwB Results of the presentation are based on the research tasks of the Jean Monnet Networks project No. 564651-EPP-1-2015-1-SK- EPPJMO-NETWORK “Sustainable Land Management Network“

  2. Structure of the presentation • Introduction – few words about farm structure • Material and methods • General data • Use of agricultural land • Plant production • Animal productiona • Conclusion

  3. What about farm structure in Poland? • about1400thousand farms over 1 ha • over 700thousand farms have less than 1ha • ~ 60% of farms (individual) have less then 5 hectares and they cultivate about 20% of total agricultural area • intensive process of losing farms operating 1-2 hectares

  4. What about farm structure in Poland? • only about 1083 thousand farms had an economical size of at least 1 ESU • about 21% of the farms produce mainly for their own consumption • the farms over 1 ESU employ 2,7 mln people • an average there is about 0,48 ha of agricultural land per 1 citizen (for example in Benelux countries it is about 0,18 ha) • the structure of farms demonstrates a great regional variety

  5. What about farm structure in Poland? • Polish accession to the EU changed conditions of the farms. Farmers started to use the system of subsidies which mobilized a large number of them to take a more active farming.

  6. Material and methods • The aim of the presentationis the process of agricultural changes in Poland in the decade of the integration (2004-2014) • The presentationis based on statistical (Central Statistical Office) • It should be noted that from 2010 the Central Statistical Office (GUS)applied the new definition of a farm according to which, farms do not include holders of agricultural land is not conducting agricultural activities and holders of up to 1 ha of agricultural land engaged in agricultural activities on a small scale. This results in significant changes in some values for these same years.

  7. Material and methods Region NUTS 1

  8. Use of agricultural land • It should be noted that in ten years agricultural area of farms decreased by nearly 3.3% (an average of about 0.33% per year). The reasons for this should be seen primarily in the massive pressure on other areas of the economy that taking over agricultural land for other purposes. Similar changes occur in the whole Europe and for example in the UK in the last ten years the average annual loss of agricultural land was about 0.2%.

  9. Use of agricultural land in ha

  10. Agricultural land in% of farms according to the new definition Concentration proces

  11. Total number of farms

  12. The average size of an individual farm with an area exceeding 1 ha of agricultural land

  13. The number of organic farms

  14. The average area of agricultural land on organic farms

  15. Agricultural production (in constant prices of the previous year) per 1 ha of agricultural land in zł

  16. Commodity economy structure of agricultural production in%

  17. Commodity economy structure of agricultural production in%

  18. Cereal production in the years 2004-2014 

  19. Yields of cereals in dt

  20. Yields of wheat in dt

  21. The cultivation of rape

  22. The cultivation of potatoes

  23. Animalproduction

  24. The number of animals in the years 2004-2014

  25. The number of animals in the regions on100 hectares of farmland

  26. Meat production per 1 ha of agricultural land

  27. Milkproduction per 1 ha of agricultural land

  28. Milk and meat production in thousandtons

  29. Land prices

  30. Agricultural land prices (EUR/ha) in selected EU countries

  31. The dynamics of land price changes in Poland (EURO/ha)

  32. Land prices

  33. Land prices (arable land)

  34. Land prices

  35. The comparison withinthe EU • land prices are higher than in otherpostsocialist countries • specific situation is in France and Sweden were land prices are similar to those in Poland • the highest land prices are observed in the countries having strong agriculture (the Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, land prices surpassed the level of 20 thousand EURO/ha)

  36. The comparison withinthe EU • since the time of the EU accession, the prices of the land suddenly started to increase • in Poland, the land prices are highly differentiated across the regions • in regions where the family farms are economically strong, land prices are very high, but in the regions, where the family farms are in poor condition, or there are other difficulties in farming, land prices are very low

  37. The comparison withinthe EU • the land prices in transactions between private buyers were higher than in contracts concerning the purchase of state-owned land • land prices in Poland are higher than in other new EU-member countries • the increase in land price accelerated after 2003 • large number of agricultural land owners will be interested in land leasing, treating land as capital investment

  38. Use of mineral fertilizers per 1 ha

  39. Agricultural area per 1 tractor

  40. Conclusion • In conclusion it should be noted that the environment in agriculture are eliminated holding smallest farms. Strengthening at the same time a group of medium-area farms, which increase the status of their ownership. • In the structure of the production takes place limiting the production of root crops to cereals and oilseed rape. Meanwhile, developments in the agricultural help to increase the production, and the overall unit.

  41. Conclusion • Increasing the number of bovine animals reared mainly in the direction of the meat it was reflected in the production of meat per hectare of arable land. In the case of swine observing a systematic, very dynamic, drop in livestock both in the general as well as a decrease in the number of sows. • The results of this analysis by regions indicate a more competitive farms located in northern and western Poland. The lowest growth potential are characterized by a Polish farm from southern and eastern Europe.

  42. Conclusion • Priorto the accession to the EU one farm has about 7,4 ha of agricultural land, but in 2013it was about 9,5 ha

  43. Thank you very much

  44. Best regards from the storks from Poland

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