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Chapter 1. Program Evaluation Alternative Approaches and Practical Guidelines. Question 1. What is Evaluation? “to determine or fix the value of: to examine and judge” Authors’ definition:
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Chapter 1 Program Evaluation Alternative Approaches and Practical Guidelines
Question 1 What is Evaluation? “to determine or fix the value of: to examine and judge” Authors’ definition: “the identification, clarification, and application of defensible criteria to determine an evaluation object’s value (worth or merit) in relation to those criteria” (p. 7)
Question 2 What are the characteristics of a “program”? • A set of planned systematic activities • Using managed resources • To achieve specified goals • Related to specific needs • Participants are specific individuals or groups • Results in documentable outcomes and impacts • Investigable costs and benefits
Question 3 What is the definition of a program? Authors’ definition: An ongoing, planned intervention that seeks to achieve some particular outcome(s), in response to some perceived educational, social, or commercial problem”. (p. 8)
Question 4 How does Evaluation differ from research? Research: primary purpose is to add to knowledge in a field, to contribute to the growth of theory (p. 9) Evaluation: primary purpose is to provide useful information to those who hold a stake in whatever is being evaluated (stakeholders), often helping them to make a judgment or decision. (p. 9)
Stakeholders Who is considered upstream, who is midstream, and who is downstream in regard to Talmage’s (1982) model of evaluation? Upstream: make decision on whether to continue, initiate, or change funding for programs Midstream: program managers (principals), program staff (teachers, counselors, nurse, etc.) Downstream: parents, students, community members
Key Terms Formative vs. Summative (p. 22) How do they differ? Formative: focus on program improvement Summative: more concerned with providing information to make decisions about program adoption, continuation, or expansion
Formative vs. Summative(Upstream, Midstream & Downstream) If you were conducting a formative evaluation, which of the “streams” do you think would be your audience? Construct support for your answer. If you were conducting a summative evaluation, which of the “streams” do you think would be your audience? Construct support for your answer.
Page 36 Question #1 • Consider a program in your organization. • If it were to be evaluated, what might be the purpose of the evaluation at this point in time? • Consider the stage of the program and the information needs of different stakeholder groups. • What might be the role of the evaluators in conducting the evaluation? (i.e. facilitator, collaborator, management consultant, social change agent, program planning, etc.) (pp. 16 - 18)
Page 35 #2 • What kind of evaluation do you think is most useful – formative or summative? • What kind of evaluation would be most useful to you in your work? • What kind of evaluation would be most useful to your school or school board?