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Structure of the Atom

Structure of the Atom. Protons (+) nucleus Neutrons (0) Nucleus Electrons (-) Orbitals. The Periodic Table of Elements. First created by DIMITRI MENDELEEV. Atomic #. SYMBOL. Atomic Mass #. Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons. Atomic # = # of Protons = # of electrons. SYMBOL.

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Structure of the Atom

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  1. Structure of the Atom • Protons • (+) nucleus • Neutrons • (0) Nucleus • Electrons • (-) Orbitals

  2. The Periodic Table of Elements • First created by DIMITRI MENDELEEV

  3. Atomic # SYMBOL Atomic Mass #

  4. Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons Atomic # = # of Protons = # of electrons SYMBOL Atomic Mass # ATOMIC MASS – ATOMIC # = Neutrons (4-2) = 2

  5. BOHR MODEL of the atom

  6. Valence Electrons • Valence Electron – an electron in the outermost electron shell

  7. Dot Diagrams H 1 6 4 3 7 5 2 8

  8. Do Now: Find the definitions in your book (take out your homework) • Atom – • Element - • Molecule - • Compound –

  9. Bonding • Ionic Bond – Attractive force between a positively charged particle(+) and a negatively charged particle(-) – transfer of electrons – between a metal and a non-metal • Covalent Bond – Sharing of electrons between two non-metals

  10. Electron Lenders and Borrowers • METALS – lenders (less than 4 valence electrons) • NON-METALS – borrowers (more than 4 valence electrons) • Metal - • Sodium (1 valence electrons) – lends 1 electron becomes +1… in order to become stable like the noble gasses • Non-Metal – • Flourine (7 valence electrons) – borrows 1 electron becomes -1… in order to become stable like the noble gasses

  11. Ionic Bonds - Review • TRANSFER OF ELECTRONS • METALS x Non-METALS • Metals lend electrons (less than 4) • Non-Metals borrow electrons (more than 4)

  12. Drawing the Ionic Bonds • Magnesium Chloride (MgCl2)

  13. Covalent Bonds - 8 • SHARING OF ELECTRONS • Non-METALS x Non-METALS

  14. Drawing Covalent Bonds • Water(H2O)

  15. Calculating # of atoms in a formula • K2SO4 • CaBr2 • LiNO3 • Na3PO4

  16. Calculating gram formula mass • K2SO4 • CaBr2 • LiNO3 • Na3PO4

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