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Strategies For Detecting Network Attachment in Wireless IPv6 Networks

Strategies For Detecting Network Attachment in Wireless IPv6 Networks. Greg Daley - Research Fellow Monash University Centre for Telecommunications and Information Engineering. Overview:. Tomorrow’s Wireless Internet Strategies for Detecting Network Attachment in IPv6

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Strategies For Detecting Network Attachment in Wireless IPv6 Networks

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  1. Strategies For Detecting Network Attachment in Wireless IPv6 Networks Greg Daley - Research Fellow Monash University Centre for Telecommunications and Information Engineering

  2. Overview: • Tomorrow’s Wireless Internet • Strategies for Detecting Network Attachment in IPv6 • DNA Working Group Progress • Future Challenges

  3. Tomorrow’s Wireless Internet

  4. Wireless Data Communications • Used for wide purposes • Mobile Data • Wire replacement • Telco to SoHo • Management, Planning, Security • Same convergence as wired networks • Merging of Internet and Telephony • Data services providing voice, voice networks with data

  5. TELCO TELCO TELCO TELCO TELCO Wireless Data Communications

  6. Towards All IPv6 Wireless Internet • Similar applications in Wireless to fixed • New Applications • Peer-to-peer hampered by NAT • IPv6 well positioned for wireless • Basic IPv6 capabilities support dynamism

  7. Internet NAT NAT NAT and Applications

  8. Maintaining Internet Connectivity • Cell to cell transitions can cause address changes • Addresses are used for routing and Session Identification (TCP/UDP) • Hide/Prevent Address changes • Tunnel, Link-Layer switching, Mobility Agents • Manage Address changes • Addressing update, requires peer support

  9. Address Range: OLD CELL 2001:388:608c::/64 NEW CELL Address Range: 3ffe:12:388:fc:/64 Maintaining Internet Connectivity

  10. A M I A M I P I P P I P Internet P P V P P V S 6 6 S 6 6 Maintaining Internet Connectivity

  11. Strategies for Detecting Network Attachment in IPv6

  12. Change Management in Wireless IPv6 • Detect which change will occur (hard?) • Allows predictive repair • Detect when link-layer changes • Detect when change has occurred • React to change • Configuration of addresses, local routers • Signal to proxies and peers • Path restoration after change

  13. M D Peer BU I N Internet P A RS v v RA 6 6 BAck Change Management in Wireless IPv6

  14. Detecting Network Attachment • Avoid reconfiguration if possible • Addresses, Multicast Joins, Mobility Signalling • Detect if configuration change is required • Trade off test cost against config cost • Query the network to detect if change has occurred • Relies upon network information services • Single Message Pair exchange

  15. OLD LINK RA RA RS NEW LINK Detecting Network Attachment

  16. Key DNA Tasks • Address uncertainty management • Response without induced delays • Immediate Change Detection • Authoritative Responses

  17. Key Task: Address Management • Host unaware of address conflicts at attachment point • Link-Local address collision may have occurred, upon link change • Optimistic Duplicate Address Detection is used in sending DNA messages • New RS Tentative-Source Link-Layer Address Option: Optimistic DAD safe solicitations (GD,EN,NM)

  18. FE80::FEOF FE80::FEOF FE80::FEOF Key Task: Address Management

  19. Key Task: Fast Router Advertisement • Existing RFCs have random delay timing • FastRA Schemes reduce delay • Original FastRA – manual config (MK,JK,BP) • Deterministic – Automated config (GD,BP) • Probabilistic – Small random delays (SN,GD) • Hash – Speed of Det, less config (BP,EN)

  20. Router3 Host Router1 Router2 Solicitation T Advertisement Advertisement Advertisement T+.5 Time (s) RFC 2461 RS/RA Timing

  21. Router3 Host Router1 Router2 Solicitation T Advertisement Advertisement Advertisement T+.5 Time (s) Fast Router Advertisement (RA)

  22. Host Router3 Router1 Router2 Solicitation T Advertisement T+.05 Advertisement T+.1 Advertisement T+.5 Time (s) Deterministic FastRA

  23. Host Router3 Router1 Router2 Solicitation Advertisement T Advertisement T+.02 T+.04 Advertisement T+.06 T+.5 Time (s) Probabilistic Fast RA

  24. Host Router3 Router1 Router2 Solicitation T Advertisement T+.02 Advertisement T+.04 Advertisement T+.5 Time (s) Hash ordered Fast RA

  25. Key Task: Link Identification • Early work centred on numeric link-identifiers placed in each RA packet(BP,EN,GD,JHC). • Current schemes use queries: “Is prefix aaaa::/64 on link? (BP,EN,SN)” • Augment Prefix advertisements with learnt information (CompleteRA, Prefix LinkID ) • Message Order Independence analysis (GD,AS,BP)

  26. LINK-A LINK-B LINK-B Link Identification: Identifiers

  27. P1 P2 P3 P3 P2 Link Identification: CompleteRA

  28. P1 P1 here? NO P1: P2 Link Identification: Landmarks

  29. Key Task: Message Authorization • RA message authorization is built into SEND • Separate timers for RS/RA Certificate Chain Solicit/Advert • Last Hop certification • Certificate solicitation in RS • Place certificate in RA if it fits (Modified format – GD)

  30. CA CCS CERT CCA Key Task: Message Authorization

  31. DNA Working Group Progress

  32. Detecting Network Attachment Working Group Documents • DNA Goals • Link Information • DNA with unmodified routers • DNA For IPv6 Hosts • DNA For IPv6 Routers • DNA Solution protocol (under discussion)

  33. Interactions with Existing Protocols • Link Information • Hints to start DNA from L2 • Complete Prefix Lists • Inferring Link Change with unmodified routers • Host Operations • Initiation/After DNA • Router management • Address Prefix and Advertisement Config

  34. New DNA protocol modifications • Builds on IPv6 Router Discovery • New ND message formats, timers • Provide single message pair exchange • Fast Unicast RA delivery and configuration • RA augmented for Link Identification • Automatic Bootstrapping

  35. Future Challenges

  36. IPv4/IPv6 change detection • Dual Stack hosts accessing the Internet • Protocol Specific Mobility: MIPv4/MIPv6 • Protocol Agnostic Mobility: Mobike/HIP • Transition Gateway detection • Detecting IPv4 or IPv6 Network Services • Local Link/Subnet services • More remote services • Getting access to remote resources.

  37. Generic Link-Layer Interfaces • IEEE 802.21 Handoff • Direct input of indications to DNA • Other information • Will generally available Link-Layer information change: • L3 Change Detection? • Mobility/Movement Management

  38. Interface Policy interaction • DNA is run per interface • Limited direction for ‘Inactive’ interfaces • DNA is Mobility Protocol Independent • Is multiple interface management? • Reasoning about local information, like DNA

  39. DNA indications • Path Change Indications • End-to-End interactions • Multiple Interfaces/Multiple Paths.

  40. Change Detection without Neighbour Discovery • Ad-hoc network topologies • Many Wireless Edge Links • Fat Link-Layer Shims • Router Properties in ad-hoc hosts • DNA supports autoconf hosts only

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