IPv6 Experience of Mobile Wireless Networks

1. IPv6 Experience of Mobile Wireless Networks Qian Wu Network Research Center Tsinghua University

2. Outline • Requirements • Challenge • Our experience

3. The Trend of Future Internet • Historic shift from PC’s to mobile computing and embedded devices… • >2B cell phones vs. 500M Internet-connected PC in 2005 • >400M cell phones with Internet capability, rising rapidly • New types of data devices (Blackberry, PDA, iPoD, IPhone) – distinctions becoming blurry • Sensor deployment just starting, but some estimates ~5-10B units by 2015 Wireless Edge Network INTERNET INTERNET Wireless Edge Network 2010 2005

4. Emerging of Future Wireless Internet • In the Future • Wireless devices will be more portable, more intelligent, more functional and with multi-radio access capacity • Heterogeneous wireless access networks will be coexisted • All based on IP core network, IPv6 enabled • Wireless applications will be more complicated – multiple kinds of services and scenarios • Bring challenging to today’s Internet architecture and protocols

5. Challenge of Next Wireless Internet New Applications, Scenarios, Requirements Top Up Transport Layer Network Layer (IP) Link Layer Down Bottom New Wireless Communications Technology From Top to Down : How to support such new demands (Always On) From Bottom to Up: How to exploit these new PHY communication capabilities (Always Best)

6. Challenge: Top-to-Down • Driven: User Demands • New Applications • MMS, P2P image/video sharing, IPTV streaming, … • New Requirements • Security, privacy, robustness/dependability, management • New Services • Location-based service, Personalized service, … Challenge: How to support such new demands?

7. Challenge: Bottom-to-Up • Driven : New wireless technologies • Sector Antenna, antenna arrays, smart antennas • Adaptive modulation, OFDM • Spectrum sharing, cognitive radio, channel management • Multi-interface radios, device heterogeneity • … Challenge: How to best exploit these new PHY communication capabilities in the protocols?

8. IPv6 Mobile Wireless Testbed • Why we need a testbed? • Modeling Problem • User behavior • Wireless transmit model • Simulation Problem • Any result you want • Why based on IPv6 • Core Protocol of Future Internet • Rare experience of how to build it, how to manage it… • Rare user behavior

9. What we try to build is… • Large-scale IPv6 Heterogeneous Wireless Network Testbed • Multi-Radio Mobile Terminals • Multi-Structure Access Networks • Distributed Mobile Middleware • Multi-Applications

10. Our Architecture

11. 6 Campus Wireless Testbed in 6 Cities Beijing Tsinghua University Tianjin Tianjin University Lanzhou Lanzhou University Hangzhou Zhejiang University Wuhan Huazhong University of S&T Guangzhou South China University of Technology

12. Campus Wireless Testbed • Multi-vender, Multi-structure Access Networks • Fat AP, AC+AP, WIFI Mesh • Technical test: • WIMAX • WAPI (WLAN Authentication and Privacy Infrastructure), the security protocol of China • Scale • Each: 200+ AP indoor, 20+ Mesh AP outdoor • IP Protocol • Support both dual stack and native IPv6 • Connect to two National Backbone: CERNET & CERNET2

13. Difficulties When We Built IPv6 Wireless Network Infrastructure • Lack of mature IPv6 wireless products • IPv6 AAA was absent, and is just partly supported now • Temporary scheme: “by pass” IPv6 packets • Encourage the use of IPv6 • Level 3 WIFI mesh products do not support IPv6 • e.g. using OSPFv2 to do routing while do not support OSPFv3 • Other various problems, such as • Could not simultaneously support IPv4 and IPv6 under one SSID • Developing IPv6 wireless network gateway to support pure IPv6 AAA

14. Distributed Middleware • SIP based mobile multimedia communication system over IPv6 • SIP6.edu.cn • Centralized AAA, Distributed Routing • Intergrade geographical information into DNS SRV • Divide CERNET2 into several areas based on IPv6 address • Client selects different SIP server based on its IPv6 address • The load of SIP servers is balanced • Local performance is guaranteed • Collaborate with WLAN management system • Call Admission Control • New applications: location based ring type, Location present

15. SIP Platform Structure

16. Experience of Handling IPv6 Problem of SIP Platform • An example • SIP handles IPv6 address as hexadecimal character string • For people not have IPv6 network, they use tunnel server to access IPv6 application • Their IPv6 address has decimal characters • Such as 2001:da8:200:900e:0:5efe:59.66.24.78 • SIP regards the above address as an error • Analyze and resolve • 5efe is a dedicate code for tunnel address • Use it as an identifier for special operation

17. IPv6 Multimedia Applications • Deployed on CERNET2, Pure IPv6 Solution • Support Voice, Video, IM, Presence, PSTN Call • Services (only support IPv6) • VoIP • IPv6 PSTN Call • Peered with commercial VoIP Provider • IMS

18. IPv6 Multimedia Applications • Services (support IPv4 and IPv6) • Exploration of SIP controlled P2P Streaming • Living Broadcast of Nobel Prize Holders’ Presentation • Source: Chinese University of Hong Kong(CUHK) • Receiver: 6 Universities Students • Scale: Over 1,500 concurrent users • Support more IPv6 users, and provide better quality for them

19. IPv6 Multimedia Applications Platform • NGMylife Platform: Next Generation Internet Multimedia Applications Demonstration Site • http://ngmylife.wirelesslan.edu.cn/index_e.html • Can access all our applications • More than 11,000 registered users • More than 80,000 visits

20. Statistics of NGMylife Platform User visit Registration VoIP duration

21. Some Phenomenon and Efforts forIPv6 Application • People prefer to IPv4 application when both v4 and v6 are available • We encourage people to use IPv6 by some kinds of promotions • Economic promotion • Restricted free use of PSTN call: effective for students • Better quality • Living Broadcast of Nobel Prize Holders’ Presentation • Support more IPv6 users, and provide better quality • …

22. Conclusion • IPv6 is a key point of NGI • However, wireless products do not support it well • Still need to solve some detailed technical problems • Now, still more difficult for people to use IPv6 • No enough IPv6 networks • Need technical supports • More labor • Rare IPv6 applications have significant advantages comparing with IPv4 • Key point is how to encourage people to use IPv6

23. Thanks!