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What is the Internet ?

What is the Internet ?. The US military wanted a network that was robust under enemy attack. US academics wanted a network that would allow researchers to share information and computing resources. Their joint efforts resulted in ARPAnet. ARPAnet was launched in 1969

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What is the Internet ?

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  1. What is the Internet? • The US military wanted a network that was robust under enemy attack. • US academics wanted a network that would allow researchers to share information and computing resources. • Their joint efforts resulted in ARPAnet. • ARPAnet was launched in 1969 • Internet is: A global interconnected network of computer networks plus the information held in those networks. comp101 Lecture ‘Internet’ abstract

  2. Rules and conventions:Addresses • Every computer that is directly connected to the Internet has two addresses. • The formal address is the four number IP address (e.g. 139.80.91.23). • The informal (‘human’) address is the hostname (e.g. atlas.otago.ac.nz). • A Domain Name Server (DNS) translates between the two. • The human address may have an alias (e.g. cs.otago.ac.nz for atlas.otago.ac.nz). comp101 Lecture ‘Internet’ abstract

  3. Rules and conventions:Domain Names • What means atlas.otago.ac.nz? • Part after leftmost ‘.’ is called domain name. • Highest level (rightmost) is the country code or country domain (.nz: New Zealand). • Next level is more properly called the ‘domain’ (of interest) (.ac: academic). • Below, the institution or subdomain (.otago). • Finally the machine or local identifier (atlas). • In the USA the highest level is the ‘domain’: .com, .edu, .gov, ... Country code not used. comp101 Lecture ‘Internet’ abstract

  4. Rules and conventions:Internet Protocols — TCP/IP • TCP = Transmission Control Protocol  Controls correct transmission of a message chopped up in packets • IP = Internet Protocol Controls the routing from source to destination node. Use the IP addressing system of the Internet comp101 Lecture ‘Internet’ abstract

  5. Internet Services • Electronic mail and mailing lists • Newsgroups • Telnet (remote login) and ftp (file transfer) • Real-time communication • World Wide Web comp101 Lecture ‘Internet’ abstract

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