ssUSH5e Review

1. ssUSH5e Review

2. President George Washington’s administration • Achievements in Domestic Policy • Created “Cabinet” of advisors – set precedent for future cabinets • Well respected – leaders and heroes of revolution – provided great advice and help for Washington • Set up other precedents for future presidents • Stayed for only 2 – Four year terms • Alexander Hamilton’s Financial program • Pay war debt in Full – establishes US as credit worthy • Bank of the United States • Protective Tariffs to spur American Industry • Favorable relationship with England more than France • approved by Washington, set up strong foundation for America’s economic prosperity • Engendered respect for office of president by his personal example • Engendered respect for the Constitutional government in general • Whiskey Rebellion put down [see notes below] • Achievements in Foreign Policy • Issued Proclamation of Neutrality – kept America out of war between England and France • Jay’s Treaty – kept America from war, helped America’s economy – Most Favored Nation status • Pinckney’s Treaty - use of Mississippi river allowed by Spain

3. Whiskey Rebellion • Does Federal Government have right to impose direct taxes on the people? • Direct Taxes from Britain’s Parliament led to Revolution • Difference – representation in Congress allows for taxation of people • Rebellion of Western Pennsylvania Farmers over Whiskey Tax • George Washington Commander – in – Chief • Led 15,000 troops from other states into Pennsylvania to put down rebellion • created precedent that troops from one state can invade another state for the purpose of maintaining law and order and power of federal government • created precedent for the right of Federal government to directly tax people

4. President Washington’s Farewell Address • Washington Farewell Address • One of the most influential speeches/addresses in American History • Warned US to not make alliances – no formal alliances until 1945 • Warned US about sectionalism – warning unheeded Civil War • Warned US about political parties – two major parties a fixture of US politics

5. Alexander Hamilton, Thomas Jefferson and the first political parties • Federalist vs. Anti-federalist fight about Constitution set up foundation for future political parties • Debate over Hamilton’s Financial Program led to political parties • acceptance of war debt at full value to establish credit of US • set up of Bank of the United States to deal with financial issues • Whiskey Tax and Tariff of 1789 • Hamilton’s Federalists • National Gov supreme • Political power to elites • government policy should favor business interests • Broad interpretation of Constitution to increase power of national government • Protective tariffs to protect US industries • Favor England over France • Jefferson’s Republicans – oppose to all above