The War of 1812

1. The War of 1812 • Immediate Causes • Merchant Ships • American Expansion • Fur Trade Officials • American Jingosim Treaty of Paris, 1783 The Constitutional Act, 1791 Long-Term Causes

2. Treaty of Paris, 1783 • Britain took control of “Canada” and portions of the “USA” from France at the conclusion of the 7 Years War in 1763 • In 1774 The Quebec Act came into effect

3. Treaty of Paris • The province's territory was expanded to take over much of what is now southern Ontario, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin, and parts of Minnesota. • The new taxes ticked off the 13 colonies in the “US”

4. Treaty of Paris, 1783 • On July 4, 1776 the Continental Congress declared the United States of America as an independent nation • The American Revolutionary War was on • The Quebecois did not support the Americans

5. Treaty of Paris, 1783 • Americans tried to invade Montreal and Quebec City • They failed  GOOOOO CANADA!!!! • By 1783 the Americans had defeated the British in the 13 colonies

6. Treaty of Paris, 1783 • After many hard negotiations, Benjamin Franklin finally succeeded in getting Britain to recognize the United states as an independent nation • This is recognized as the SECOND Treaty of Paris • September 3, 1783

7. Constitutional Act, 1791 • Divided Quebec into • Upper Canada – what we now know as Ontario • Lower Canada – what we now know as Quebec • Along with other changes not listed, The Constitutional Act allowed Upper and Lower Canada to enter a period of rapid growth

9. Long-Term Causes • Factors that have been in play for a while before an event • Europe, 1779 • Britain and France duke it out • Napolean Bonaparte (French Ruler) challenged Britain’s position as the leading world military power

10. Napoleon

11. Long-Term Causes • Napoleonic Wars • Struggles between France and Britain during Napoleon's rule • France got it’s butt kicked during the Seven Years’ War • Lost New France to the Brit’s • Revenge – Napoleon helps the American colonies in the revolution against Britain

12. Long-Term Causes • Using blockades • France tried to prevent Britain from trading • Britain did the same back to France • This ticked off the Americans • Lots of merchant ships

13. Immediate Causes • Factors that come into play just before an event • British Interference With American Merchant Ships • Britain was ticked because the Americans supported France in the Napoleonic Wars • Britain stopped ALL American merchant ships

14. Immediate Causes • Sometimes found British seamen onboard • Captured and forced to work on British Warships  Impressment • Impressment violated American sovereignty • Americans mad  British didn’t care

15. Immediate Causes • American Expansion into the Northwest • Ohio Valley given to United States in 1783 – Treat of Paris • Americans must respect treaties already signed with First Nations • Americans stated moving into region en mass

16. Immediate Causes • First Nations – Objected • Losing large tracts of traditional areas • Treaties being ignored • First Nations appealed to British • British – if they did nothing Americans might invade Upper Canada

17. Immediate Causes • Fur Trade Officials In First Nation Territories • United States • British fur trade officials favouring First Nations in Great Lakes region • British supply First Nations with arms to attack American settlers • Better stop or else

18. Immediate Causes • American Jingoism • Aggressive talk and opinions that justify military action • Spread propaganda • Should invade Upper Canada to protect the United States • American troops would be welcomed because British North Americans were unhappy