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SKELETAL SYSTEM

Learn about the skeletal system's crucial functions including support, protection, mineral storage, bone matrix formation, and bone tissue organization. Explore bone classification, structure, and joint movement terms.

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SKELETAL SYSTEM

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  1. SKELETAL SYSTEM

  2. SKELETAL FUNCTIONS 1. Support for organs tissue, postural support against gravity 2. Protection of vital organs, brain, lungs, and heart. 3. Storage of minerals, especially calcium and phosphorous 4. Hemopoiesis: Contains red bone marrow (hemopoietic tissue) for the production of more blood cells 5. Movement, if muscles had nothing to anchor their tendons to, there would be very inefficient bodily movement.

  3. Bone Classification by Shape

  4. Anatomy of a Typical Long Bone What type of connective tissue cells make up articular cartilage? What is the proper name for a mature bone cell?

  5. Histology of Bone Which cells lay down fresh bone matrix? Which cells “recycle” bone matrix? What category of tissue does bone belong to?

  6. What is an osteon?What is a lacuna?What are canaliculi?What is a haversian canal?

  7. Compact and Spongy Bone Tissue Organization Bones of the skeleton contain a combination of both types of bone tissue organization. What type of bone shape is shown to the left? What type of bone tissue is the green arrow pointing at? What type of bone tissue is the red arrow pointing to?

  8. Osteogenesis - 10 week fetus Approx 350 Cartilaginous Models in Skeleton

  9. Osteogenesis - 16 week fetus

  10. Endochondral Ossification (Bone Formation) Name this structure

  11. Bone Fracture Repair

  12. Bone Fracture Repair (cont’d)

  13. MAJOR BONES OF THE SKELETON

  14. AXIAL DIVISION

  15. SPINAL CURVATURES

  16. APPENDICULAR DIVISION Bones of the upper and lower extremities

  17. UPPER EXTREMITY

  18. Types of JOINTS - Articulations 1. Synarthrotic – Fibrous – No movement 2. Amphiarthrotic – Cartilaginous. Slight movement but no joint cavity 3. Diarthrotic – Synovial – Highest range of motion with joint cavity between bones

  19. Joint Movement Terms FLEXION vs. EXTENSION hyperextend extend flexion flexion extension dorsiflexion plantar flexion neutral

  20. Joint Movement Terms ABDUCT vs. ADDUCT

  21. Joint Movement Terms ROTATION vs. CIRCUMDUCTION pivot circle

  22. KNEE Joint Anatomy

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