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I. The End of the Cold War Soviet Union disintegration invasion of Afghanistan, 1979

I. The End of the Cold War II. The Spread of Democracy III. The Great Powers and New Disputes IV. The United States as Sole Superpower. I. The End of the Cold War Soviet Union disintegration invasion of Afghanistan, 1979 A. The Explosion of the 1980s and 1990s

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I. The End of the Cold War Soviet Union disintegration invasion of Afghanistan, 1979

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  1. I. The End of the Cold War II. The Spread of Democracy III. The Great Powers and New Disputes IV. The United States as Sole Superpower

  2. I. The End of the Cold War Soviet Union • disintegration • invasion of Afghanistan, 1979 • A. The Explosion of the 1980s and 1990s • Forced industrialization • environmental problems • infant mortality up • disease • B. The Age of Reform Mikhail Gorbachev • reforms, 1985 • nuclear reduction • missiles limited • withdraws from Afghanistan • glasnost • perestroika • foreign investment encouraged • military spending down • new constitution, 1988 • re-elected, 1990

  3. Post Soviet Union Russia, Eastern Europe and Central Asia • I. The End of the Cold War • C. Dismantling the Soviet Empire

  4. I. The End of the Cold War • C. Dismantling the Soviet Empire Eastern Europe • Soviet troops out • Bulgaria • free elections, 1989 • Hungary, Poland • new governments, 1988 • Czechoslovakia • new government, 1989 • East Germany • communist leaders out, 1989 • Berlin Wall falls, 1991 Bulgaria, Romania • communists keep some power • Ethnic struggles • Yugoslavia breaks apart Post Soviet Union Russia, Eastern Europe and Central Asia

  5. I. The End of the Cold WarD. Renewed Turmoil in the 1990s Gorbachev • coup, 1991 • Soviet Union dissolved by late 1991 • resigns • Boris Yeltsin • succeeds Gorbachev • succeeded by Vladimir Putin

  6. II. The Spread of Democracy Spain, Portugal, Greece • democracies • Latin America • all but Cuba by 2000 • Mexico • non-PRI president • South Korea, Taiwan • democracy expanded • Philippines • new government • South Africa • apartheid ended • Nigeria • democratic government, 1999

  7. II. The Spread of Democracy Indonesia • end of authoritarian government • Georgia, Ukraine • democratic elections • Uzbekistan • democratization suppressed Saudi Arabia • local elections • Kuwait • women vote • Palestine • local elections • Egypt • opposition repressed

  8. II. The Spread of DemocracyA. Democracy and its Limits China, North Korea, parts of Middle East, central Asia • Beijing • demonstrations, 1989, suppressed

  9. III. The Great Powers and New Disputes • A. The Former Soviet Union Ethnic conflict • Chechnya • Armenia, Azerbaijan • Czechoslovakia splits • Yugoslavia • Orthodox Serbs • Catholic Croats • Serbs • Muslim Bosnians • Slovenia, Croatia • independent, 1991 • Serbs attack Croats, Muslims • NATO intervenes • Bosnia-Herzegovina recognized • Kosovo • NATO involvement • Serbia, Montenegro • replace Yugoslovia The Implosion of Yugoslavia, 1991-1999

  10. III. The Great Powers and New Disputes • B. Endemic Conflicts • Iraq and Iran • conflict • Saddam Hussein • Iraq invades Kuwati, 1990 • Persian Gulf War, 1991 • Palestine and Israel • India and Pakistan • Kashmir • C. Ethnic and Other Conflicts: A New Surge Czechoslovakia • peaceful division • Czech Republic • Slovakia • Chechnya • independence, 1990 • Sudan, Sierra Leone, Liberia • Rwanda • Hutu-Tutsi rivalry

  11. IV. The United States as Sole Superpower European Union • George W. Bush • A. Anti-American Terrorism and Response September 11, 2001 • "War on Terror" • Afghanistan Iraq

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