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Physiology, Health & Exercise

Physiology, Health & Exercise. Lesson 9 The “Athletic” Heart. The “Athletic” Heart. Cardiac hypertrophy Endurance training & LV Maximal heart rate & cardiac output. Athletes are fitter than most people. Why? Undergo regime of training Exercise at more extreme levels

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Physiology, Health & Exercise

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  1. Physiology, Health & Exercise Lesson 9 The “Athletic” Heart

  2. The “Athletic” Heart • Cardiac hypertrophy • Endurance training & LV • Maximal heart rate & cardiac output

  3. Athletes are fitter than most people. Why? • Undergo regime of training • Exercise at more extreme levels • Exercise for longer periods of time • Have shorter recovery times • Lower HR at rest- 30-40 bpm

  4. Athletes are fitter than most people. • Strengthened cardiac muscle- capable of more forceful contraction- higher SV- even at rest • Athlete’s heart actually gets bigger- cardiac hypertrophy • Increase in protein synthesis in cardiac muscle fibres  increase in contractile elements within each fibre  increase in size

  5. Athletes are fitter than most people. If you measure the size of cardiac muscle and volumes of the heart chambers using echocardiography and compare trained and untrained people:

  6. What 2 conclusions can you draw from this data?

  7. In non-athletes increase in CO is due to increase in HR • Is this the same for athletes? Larger CO due to relatively greater increase in SV in athletes

  8. Athletes are fitter than most people. • Increase in size of heart in athletes is temporary- if intensity of training decreases then heart returns to pre-training size.

  9. Questions • 2006 SQA Q1 in Physiol section to be completed in class .

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