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CTC Aviation (NZ) Ltd Approach to teaching TEM. Airline Placement ‘ Flexicrew ’ Permanent employment. TRTO TRE & TRI Command courses Type Ratings ‘CRM’. FTO CPL/IR licence. Ground school ATPL theory. TEM is a cognitive skill. Cognitive skills are …
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Airline Placement • ‘Flexicrew’ • Permanent employment • TRTO • TRE & TRI • Command courses • Type Ratings • ‘CRM’ • FTO • CPL/IR licence • Ground school • ATPL theory
TEM is a cognitive skill Cognitive skills are … • Psychological skills where effort is rewarded (e.g. A. Bandura and C. Ames) • Part of a group of non-technical skills (incl. situational awareness, leadership, communication, CRM, etc.) – TEM is not stand-alone Therefore, cognitive skills do not … • Form part of a checklist (not Read/Do, not Challenge/ Response, not Scan flow) • Become mnemonic pseudo-checks
Teaching and examining TEMTop 5 thoughts • Allow student time to exercise these skills – reward effort. • TEM is an on-going process – avoid binding it to situations or ‘checks’. • Create scenarios for the student to understand context – even the early lessons have a purpose. • Student feedback focuses as much on NOTECHs as on TECHs • Close liaison between CAA standards and CAA examining
A final thought … Suppose a PPL candidate, during the PFL, selects a field with power lines across it. Has she/he failed? (5) Plans a course of action in accordance with recommended procedures and achieves a successful outcome (critical element) Suppose the candidate identifies the error, reselects an appropriate field and brings the PFL to a successful conclusion. Has she/he still failed? Good Threat and Error Management?