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Fault Detection by a Seismic Scanning Tunneling Macroscope

Fault Detection by a Seismic Scanning Tunneling Macroscope. G.T. Schuster, Sherif Hanafy , Ge Zhan, and Yunsong Huang. Outline. Introduction. Field Test Location of the site Tomogram Ground Truth Super Resolution Results Summary and Conclusions. Resolution. L. X. Z. Depth.

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Fault Detection by a Seismic Scanning Tunneling Macroscope

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  1. Fault Detection by a Seismic Scanning Tunneling Macroscope G.T. Schuster, SherifHanafy, Ge Zhan, and Yunsong Huang

  2. Outline • Introduction. • Field Test • Location of the site • Tomogram • Ground Truth • Super Resolution Results • Summary and Conclusions

  3. Resolution L X Z Depth Relight resolution Δx Abbe resolution Super resolution?

  4. Evanescent Wave An evanescent wave is a near-field standing wave with an intensity that exhibits exponential decay with distance from the source at which the wave was formed. Wikipedia.org Decay Curve Amplitude ~ λ Offset Evanescent Wave Propagation wave Both propagation and evanescent waves are recorded Only propagation wave is recorded

  5. Evanescent to Propagation Wave An evanescent wave is a near-field standing wave with an intensity that exhibits exponential decay with distance from the source at which the wave was formed. Wikipedia.org Decay Curve Amplitude ~ λ Offset Super resolution Propagation wave Relight resolution

  6. Outline • Introduction. • Field Test • Location of the site • Tomogram • Ground Truth • Super Resolution Results • Summary and Conclusions

  7. Field Test • Data Collected at Washington Fault Area, north of Arizona, USA. • 6 Lines of receivers • 80 receivers/line at 1 m receiver interval • 40 shots/line at 2 m shot interval • Total number of receivers = 480 • Total number of shots = 240

  8. Location of Washington Fault

  9. Data Collection

  10. Site and Data Collection Topography In line offset: 1-2m Cross line offset: 1.5 m No. of receivers: 480 No of shots: 240

  11. Tomography Results

  12. Tomography Results

  13. Ground Truth

  14. Super Resolution Test Fault Pixel size: 2 x 1.5 m2 Wavelength: 10 m

  15. Super Resolution Results Fault

  16. Resolution Section

  17. Super Resolution Results Fault Migration Image – Traces within λ are muted Migration Image – Traces within 0.8 λ are muted Migration Image – Traces within 0.4 λ are muted Migration Image – Traces within 0.1 λ are muted Migration Image using All Traces

  18. Outline • Introduction. • Field Test • Location of the site • Tomogram • Ground Truth • Super Resolution Results • Summary and Conclusions

  19. Summary and Conclusions • In conventional seismic method, Relight formula controls the subsurface resolution • Evanescent wave can provide much higher resolution, but it exhibits exponential decay • Scatter points can convert Evanescent wave to propagation wave Decay Curve Amplitude ~ λ Offset Relight resolution Super resolution Propagation wave Relight resolution

  20. Thank You

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