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Names & Formulas of Compounds

Names & Formulas of Compounds. Binary Compounds. Compound which contains only two elements. e.g. CO 2 , NaCl , H 2 O Names always end in ‘ ide .’ e.g. Carbon dioxide Sodium Chloride Dihydrogen oxide. Names & Formulas of Compounds. Binary Compounds. Names & Formulas of Compounds.

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Names & Formulas of Compounds

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  1. Names & Formulas of Compounds

  2. Binary Compounds • Compound which contains only two elements. • e.g. CO2, NaCl, H2O • Names always end in ‘ide.’ • e.g. Carbon dioxide • Sodium Chloride • Dihydrogen oxide. Names & Formulas of Compounds

  3. Binary Compounds Names & Formulas of Compounds

  4. Non-metal Compounds • Composed of two non-metal elements. • Use the chart to determine the name of the compounds: • Prefix Meaning • Mono 1 • Di 2 • Tri 3 • Tetra 4 • Penta 5 • Hexa 6 Names & Formulas of Compounds Second element always ends in ‘ide.’ Always. ‘Mono’ is always omitted from first element. Always.

  5. Non-metal Compounds • Examples: • CO  Carbon monoxide • CO2  Carbon dioxide • P2O5  Diphophoruspentoxide Names & Formulas of Compounds

  6. Non-metal Compounds • Use the same chart to find the formula from the compound name. • Examples: • a) dinitrogen trioxide  N2O3 • b) sulfur tetrachloride  SCl4 • c) phophoruspentafloride  PF5 Names & Formulas of Compounds

  7. Metal + Non-metal Compounds • To name compounds given the formula you must: • a) Write name of metal first, • b) Non-metal ends in ‘ide.’ • c) Ignore the numbers Names & Formulas of Compounds

  8. Metal + Non-metal Compounds • Examples: • Formula Name • Na2S Sodium sulfide • AlCl3 Aluminum Chloride • Ca3N2 Calcium Nitride • BaH2 Barium Hydride Names & Formulas of Compounds

  9. Metal + Non-metal Compounds Na2S AlCl3 Names & Formulas of Compounds BaH2 Ca3N2

  10. Non-metal Compounds • To find formula when name is not obvious, you must: • Find the number of bonds for each element by looking at the periodic table. • Follow the cross-over rule (5 steps). Names & Formulas of Compounds Or Metal + Non-metal Compounds

  11. Non-metal Compounds • Example: what is the formula for oxygen and magnesium? Or Magnesium oxide? • Step 1: Write symbols of elements (metal first when applicable. • Mg + O • Step 2: Write number of bonds for each element. • Mg + O • Step 3: Cross-over the bond value (switch). • Mg2O2 Names & Formulas of Compounds Or Metal + Non-metal Compounds 2 2

  12. Non-metal Compounds Step 4: Find the highest common factor between the bond values. 2 (1 x 2, 1 x 2) Step 5: Divide each by common factor. Mg2O2 2 Names & Formulas of Compounds Or Metal + Non-metal Compounds = MgO

  13. Non-metal Compounds • The number of bonds • Family 1 to 4: Same as family number • Family 5 to 7: 8 – family number Names & Formulas of Compounds Or Metal + Non-metal Compounds

  14. Non-metal Compounds What is the formula for Sodium (metal) and oxygen (non-metal)? Step 1: Na + O Step 2: Na + O Step 3: Na2O Step 4: Common factor is 1, (1 x 1, 1 x 2) Step 5: Na2O 1 Names & Formulas of Compounds Or Metal + Non-metal Compounds 1 2 = Na2O

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