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EU and the World

EU and the World. The EU maintains diplomatic relations with nearly all countries in the world. It has strategic partnerships with key international players, is deeply engaged with emerging powers around the globe,

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EU and the World

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  1. EU and the World • The EU maintains diplomatic relations with nearly all countries in the world. • It has strategic partnerships with key international players, • is deeply engaged with emerging powers around the globe, • and has signed bilateral Association Agreements with a number of states in its vicinity. • Abroad, the Union is represented by a number of EU Delegations, which have a similar function to those of an embassy.

  2. The European Union plays an important role in international affairs through • diplomacy, • trade, • development aid and • cooperation with global organisations.

  3. LOME AND COTONOU • “capitalism with conscience” - Christian Democracy • “conscience with capitalism” - Left • “capitalism with good heart” - Right • “conscientious capitalism” - new Centre

  4. Lome Convention 1975 • It was a comprehensive trade-and-aid agreement between the European Union (EEC) and 71 developing countries of Africa, the Caribbean and the Pacific (ACP states). The main function of the Convention was to send aid directly to the ACP governments. Lome was revisited 4 times, Financial Protocols - (Lome I, II, III, IV). It expired in 2000 and was replaced with

  5. Cotonou Agreement • Signed in Benin in 2000. To be in force for 20 years. Articles 19-33 set out the “developmental strategies”, including “institutional development and capacity building.” The Agreement, on the one hand, is to be compatible with the WTO. • On the other hand, it gives preferential status to the ACP vis-à-vis the EU. But unlike Lome, the aid given to the states is to be accounted for, which is why it is supervised by the EU. This is the “capacity building” and “institutional development” part.

  6. Main points • debt relief • measures to mitigate the effects of short-term fluctuations in ACP states’ export earnings (Art. 68) • guarantees for private sector investment (art. 77)

  7. Embassies? • In addition to bilateral relations with countries and regions in all continents, the EU also operates delegations in all corners of the world. A network of 139 EU delegations and offices are the eyes, ears and mouthpiece of the European Union vis-à-vis the authorities and the population in their host countries.

  8. European External Action Service • European External Action Service • The EEAS is the European Union's diplomatic corps. It supports the EU foreign affairs chief (High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, Catherine Ashton) in conducting the common foreign and security policy. • It has Delegations around the world working on behalf of the people of Europe and representing the EU as a whole.

  9. Relationship to other EU bodies • The EEAS is functionally autonomous from other EU bodies – but has a legal responsibility to ensure its policies are consistent with other EU policies. • To help ensure this, the High Representative is also a Vice-President of the European Commission, and President of the Foreign Affairs Council. The EEAS diplomatic service also supports High Representative Catherine Ashton in these capacities.

  10. Origins of the EEAS • November 2009 – Catherine Ashton (UK) chosen as future EU High Representative by EU leaders, created by the Lisbon Treaty. The appointment was later endorsed by a large majority in the European Parliament. • December 2009 – Lisbon Treaty enters into force • July 2010 – European External Action Service established on 26 July 2010 by decision of the Council of Ministers • December 2010 – Senior EEAS management team nominated and staff transferred from other EU bodies • January 2011 – EEAS officially launched

  11. 1stOctober2013 EUROPEANEXTERNAL HRVP Ashton SG3 StrategiccommunicationMann ChairEUMCDeRousiers ACTIONSERVICE Graphicpresentation EUMS Wosolsobe CMPD Lenoirf.f. CPCC Haber ExecutiveSecretary CPCC.A1 Conductof operationsGarciaPerez EUMSA Conceptsand CapabilityRoux EUSR ChiefOperatingOfficer CMPD.A1 CoordinationDurazzo General O’Sullivan ActivatedEUoperationscentreVanderLinde Vimont CMPD.A2 Capabilities, concepts,trainingandexercicesPorzio CPCC.A2 Chiefofstaff/ horizontalcoordinationJanvier DeputySecretaryGeneral PoliticalDirectorSchmid DeputySecretaryGeneralPopowski EUMSB IntelligenceAlafuzoff F.2. Delegationsupport K Securitypolicyand PrincipalAdvisor Mediator F.1 InternalauditPromelle F.3. SpecialEnvoyBylica Allegra andevaluationservice DeFilippi Ex-postcontrolCavendish conflictpreventionJenny MDVII CrisisResponseand CMPD.A3 IntegratedstrategicplanningLenoir EUMSC OperationsGeens CPPCC.A3 MissionsupportPampaloni OperationalCoordinationMiozzo Corporateboard K.1 Weaponsofmassdestruction, COARMLotton CONOPRudischhauserCODUNGanslandt VII.1 CrisisresponseplanningandoperationsPisani conventionalweapons,spaceGanslandt CMPD.A4 CSDPpolicy, partnershipsandagreementsMariani EUMSD LogisticsLoria G DSG2.2 Strategic PlanningConte ChairofthePoliticaland DSG2.1 PolicyCoordinationMartinezCarbonell SG.1 Corporate BoardSecretariatOnestini SG4 Parliamentary affairsCastro-Zuzuarregui SecurityCommitteeStevens SG.2 LegalaffairsVanHegelsom K.2 Conflictprevention,peacebuildingandmediationinstruments VII.2 EUsituationroomMavromichalis EUMSE CommunicationsandinformationsystemsSantomartino SeniorMilitaryAdvisor G.1 PoliticalandSecurityCommittee Costello Huhn Wasilewska VII.3 Consularcrisis managementDelcroix K.3 Securitypolicyandsanctions CIVCOMLeinonen PMGMolenaar Roy PoliticalAffairsDepartment SecurityPolicyandCSDPStructures EUSatCenLovrenčič EDA Arnould EUISS Missiroli ESDC MDIV MDRAdministrationandFinance Child MDI MDII AfricaWestcott MDV AmericasLeffler MDIII EuropeandCentralAsiaFernandezdelaPena MDVI GlobalandMultilateralIssuesMarinaki NorthAfrica,MiddleEast, AsiaandthePacificIsticioaia-Budura ArabianPeninsula,IranandIraq Mingarelli ForeignPolicyInstrumentsService(FPI–Commissionservice)Margue VI.B. MultilateralRelations VI.A HumanRightsand II.B WestandCentral II.A HornofAfrica, IV.A N.Africa,MiddleEast, V.A Americas I.B NorthEastAsia I.A SouthandSouth EastAsiaAstuto III.A MDRA FinanceandCorporateSupportGuerend III.B andGlobalIssuesAuer MDRB SecurityPotuyt MDRC HumanResourcesLarsson WesternEurope, DemocracyArnault AfricaUstubs Russia,EasternPartnership;CentralAsia,RegionalCooperationandOSCEWiegand EastandSouthernAfrica,IndianOceanVervaeke ArabianPeninsula,IranandIraqBerger Schäfer andthePacificSabathil WesternBalkansand TurkeyGentilini V.A.1 US,Canada AndresenGuimaraes II.B.1 WestAfricaDoyle IV.A.1 MiddleEastI–Egypt,Syria,Lebanon,JordanBontosoglou VI.A.1 Humanrightspolicyguidelinesandmultilateralcooperation Tison VI.B.1 Globalissuesand counter-terrorismGuyader Budget,finance,inter-institutionalrelationsMiller I.A.1 India,Nepal,BhutanCastillo I.B.1 China,HK,Macao,Taiwan,MongoliaFabrizi II.A.1 HornofAfrica,EastAfricaand IndianOceanWiedey-Nippold III.A.1 WesternEuropeGrippa MDR.C.1 HRpolicyandcoordinationVazquezGarridof.f. MDR.A.1 BudgetO’Neill MDR.B.1 FieldsecurityCroll III.B.1 EasternPartnership, RegionalCooperationandOSCE Tibbels COTRA ZajcFreudenstein IV.A.2 MiddleEastII–Israel,occupied territoriesandMEPP Gabrici II.B.2 CentralAfricaNotarangelo I.A.2 Pakistan, Afghanistan,Bangladesh,SriLanka,MaldivesTirr VI.B.2 Development cooperationcoordinationFernandez-Shaw StabilityinstrumentoperationsRuiz-Calavera VI.A.2 Humanrightspolicyinstrumentsand bilateralcooperationMandler III.A.2 WesternBalkansJonsson MDR.C.2 SelectionandrecruitmentofADandASTstaffLlombartCussac I.B.2 Japan,Korea, Australia,NewZealandWilson MDR.B.2 HQsecurityandEEASsecuritypolicy Lajos MDR.A.2 Contracts V.A.2 Mexicoand CentralAmericaBell PerezJimenez II.A.2 SouthernAfricaCarroCastrillo IV.A.3 Regionalpolicies fortheSouthernMediterraneanBergamini VI.B.3 Multilateral relationsDePeyron III.B.2 EasternPartnership–bilateralSchuebel CFSP operationsKrengel I.A.3 SouthEastAsiaSabatucci MDR.A.3 Information technologyRuys II.1 Pan-Africanaffairs CostaPereira TurkeyAdvisorPortman MDR.C.3 CAstaff,SNEandtrainees MelladoPascua I.B.3 PacificRuizSerrano V.A.3 AndeanCountriesFanti VI.A.3 Democracyand electoralobservationGiaufret MDR.B.3 Securecommunications Hottiaux Publicdiplomacy;electionobservationNette CONUN DePeyron IV.A.4 Maghreb III.B.3 Russia MDR.A.4 Infrastructure, protocolandconferencesChristiane COAFRLunny MDR.C.4 Careerandlearningdevelopment PerezVidal V.A.4 Savage MercosurCountriesKoetsenruijter I.1 HorizontalaffairsCody Degert COHOM COWEBEverard IV.A.5 Theuermann ArabianPeninsula, III.B.4 CentralAsiaKionka IranandIraqO’Rourke V.A.5 CaribbeanKalogirou COEST/COSCE MDR.C.5 LocalagentsLaurent Vuorimaki PrincipalAdvisor Matthiessen MAMABozovicMOGKisling MDR.C.6 Rightsand obligationsHuber COMEPDiMichele V.1 Regionalaffairs Hatwell COASIMajewski IV.1.EuropeanNeighbourhood PolicyMajorenko AMLAT/COLATAcostaSoto -GREY:CommissionServicereportingdirectlytoHRVPASHTON

  12. The Lisbon Treaty (2009) led to major developments in the area of external action, with the creation of the post of High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, and the establishment of the EU's diplomatic arm, the European External Action Service (EEAS). • The High Representative – a post currently held by Catherine Ashton – exercises, in foreign affairs, the functions previously held by the six-monthly rotating Presidency, the High Representative for Common Foreign and Security Policy and the European Commissioner for External Relations.

  13. Mandate of the High Representative • conducts the Union's common foreign and security policy; • contributes by her proposals to the development of that policy, which she carries out as mandated by the Council, and ensures implementation of the decisions adopted; • presides over the Foreign Affairs Council of Ministers; • is one of the Vice-Presidents of the Commission and thus ensures the consistency of the Union's external action.

  14. represents the Union for matters relating to the common foreign and security policy, conducts political dialogue with third parties on the Union's behalf and expresses the Union's position in international fora. • exercises authority over the European External Action Service and over EU delegations in third countries and at international organisations.

  15. some examples of the role the European Union plays around the world • Peace building: Through political, practical and economic support the EU has played a crucial role in peace building in the Western Balkans after the Yugoslav wars. From Bosnia-Herzegovina to Montenegro, the EU has used its power to promote peace and reconciliation. The latest example of this is the dialogue being facilitated by the European Union between Serbia and Kosovo – the "Belgrade-Pristina Dialogue".

  16. A responsible neighbour: To the east and south of the European Union lie many countries which have in recent years undergone tumultuous political change. The Arab Awakening is just the latest example of this which is why the European Neighbourhood Policy aims to maintain solid and friendly relations with countries that are at the European Union's borders. Promoting democracy, human rights and opening trade and cooperation on visa issues are just some examples of this.

  17. Development Aid: Did you know that the EU is the largest single donor of development aid? In 2010, the combined total of donations from the EU and member states was €53.8 billion which is making a huge difference to millions of people's livelihoods around the world. • The EU is member of the Quartet, alongside the United Nations, the United States and Russia, which is working for peace in the Middle East. Resolution of the Arab-Israeli conflict is a strategic priority for Europe. The EU’s objective is a two-state solution with an independent, democratic, viable Palestinian state side-by-side with Israel in peace and security.

  18. The Union is committed to human rights and works to ensure they are respected universally. The EU has made human rights a central aspect of its external relations: in the political dialogues it holds with third countries; through its development policy and assistance; or through its action in multilateral fora, such as the United Nations. • The Union works closely with the United Nations on a host of issues. The Union’s belief in multilateralism reflects an attachment to negotiated, binding rules in international relations, and is explicitly spelled out in the Treaty of Lisbon.

  19. Building security around the world: Under the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP), the EU operates civilian and military missions worldwide. These missions carry out a variety of tasks from border management to local police training. For example the Operation EUNAVFOR Atalanta off the coast of Somalia tackles piracy and protects humanitarian shipments of the World Food Programme bound for drought hit areas.

  20. Crisis Response & Humanitarian Aid: Almost half of all international humanitarian relief comes from the European Union and its members. This provides life saving aid in places like the Horn of Africa where famine stalks whole populations. In addition the European Union stands ready to respond in a coordinated way to any international emergency - be it the earthquake in Haiti, tsunami in Japan or flooding in Pakistan. This brings together all the tools the European Union has at its disposal.

  21. The Union was instrumental in negotiating the Kyoto Protocol on climate change and, with a domestic low-carbon agenda that is probably the most advanced and sophisticated in the world remains a crucial player on this issue, indispensable for pushing an ambitious agenda of change. The Union is focusing on building a coalition for a legally binding agreement on climate change. • Trade: The European Union is the world’s largest trading bloc. Trade is a common policy so the EU speaks with a single voice in trade negotiations with international partners in promoting a free and fairer international trading system.

  22. An enlarging European Union - from 6 to 28: From six countries in 1957 to 28 now, the EU has expanded through the decades – notably after the fall of communism in Central and Eastern Europe. The lure of EU membership and the political and economic stability it brings has meant that many countries aspire to join – although they must first pass tough EU membership tests on democracy and the rule of law to name two.

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