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Marine Contaminants. Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park Sitka National Historical Park. D. Schirokauer /NPS. NPS Photo/B. Moynahan. Justification. Global and local sources of pollution. NPS Photo. Source: cenvironment.blogspot.com.
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Marine Contaminants Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park Sitka National Historical Park D. Schirokauer/NPS NPS Photo/B. Moynahan Southeast Alaska Network Inventory and Monitoring Program
Justification Global and local sources of pollution NPS Photo Source: cenvironment.blogspot.com Southeast Alaska Network Inventory and Monitoring Program
Justification More volatile compounds Colder, polar regions Earth Temperate regions Less volatile compounds Hotter, equatorial regions Adapted from http://www.arctic.uoguelph.ca Southeast Alaska Network Inventory and Monitoring Program
NPS Considerations Minimally invasive sampling approach C. Sergeant Organism integrates contaminants and is reflective of park conditions Ecosystems susceptible to contaminant threats NPS photo/B. Moynahan Source: gulfofmaine.org Results comparable with existing benchmarks (from Schirokauer and Moynahan 2010) Southeast Alaska Network Inventory and Monitoring Program
Sources of marine contamination Heavy metals mostly a byproduct of fossil fuel and waste burning, mining and ore processing, chemical production, and agriculture Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) occur naturally in coal, crude oil, and gasoline and other derived products Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are human-produced organic substances such as DDT and PCBs “D.D.T: Powerful insecticide, harmless to humans…” Southeast Alaska Network Inventory and Monitoring Program
Objectives Monitor the current status and long-term trends of marine contaminants through sampling bay mussels in conformance with NOAA Mussel Watch protocols Maintain a regularly updated contaminant profile for selected reference sites NPS photo/B. Moynahan Southeast Alaska Network Inventory and Monitoring Program
GLBA KLGO SITK Southeast Alaska Network Inventory and Monitoring Program May 6, 2009
Logistics and Budget NPS photo 65 samples collected and analyzed in 2007 and 2009 35 g wet weight per site, per analysis NPS photo/B. Moynahan 2009 and 2011: 6 sites re-sampled for temporal variability (2 staff can complete field work 1-2 days GLBA; 1 hr SITK & KLGO) Southeast Alaska Network Inventory and Monitoring Program
What we’re learning SEAN nearshore environments are very clean Mercury Generally very low Highest at Crescent Harbor in Sitka Total PAH Generally very low or undetectable Bartlett Cove fuel dock POPs Below detection at nearly all sites Far below safe seafood thresholds Southeast Alaska Network Inventory and Monitoring Program
What we’re learning Valuable baseline conditions: Imagine if Prince William Sound had this information before Exxon-Valdez Observed pollution likely local Some capacity to detect small events Southeast Alaska Network Inventory and Monitoring Program
What we’re learning Southeast Alaska Network Inventory and Monitoring Program
Future efforts Full integration with NOAA Mussel Watch Biennial sampling at ~7 sites Exploring potential partnerships Southeast Alaska Network Inventory and Monitoring Program
Program Delivery 2011 results will be integrated into new assessment by UAS partner David Tallmon Southeast Alaska Network Inventory and Monitoring Program
christopher_sergeant@nps.gov364.1591 Southeast Alaska Network Inventory and Monitoring Program May 6, 2009 NPS photo/B. Moynahan